\u6c11\u6b0a\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u9078\u64c7\u6027\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8(\u80cc\u666f) (Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) <\/p>\n
\u70ba\u4e86\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5be6\u73fe(\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04)\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u53ca\u5be6\u65bd\u5176\u5404\u9805\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u516d\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u5341\u516d\u65e5\u901a\u904e\u4e86(\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u4efb\u610f\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8)(\u7b2c2200A(XXI)\u865f\u6c7a\u8b70)\uff0c\u4e26\u958b\u653e\u7d66\u5404\u570b\u7c3d\u5b57\u3001\u6279\u51c6\u548c\u52a0\u5165\u3002\u6839\u64da\u8a72\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e8b\u52d9\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e26\u5be9\u67e5\u500b\u4eba\u6216\u500b\u4eba\u806f\u540d\u8072\u7a31\u56e0\u516c\u7d04\u6240\u8f09\u4efb\u4f55\u6b0a\u5229\u906d\u53d7\u4fb5\u5bb3\u800c\u70ba\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u4f86\u6587\u3002\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u898f\u5b9a\u4e86\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e8b\u52d9\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u63a5\u53d7\u4e26\u5be9\u67e5\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u4f86\u6587\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\uff1a(\u4e00)\u4f86\u6587\u6240\u6d89\u570b\u5bb6\u65e2\u662f\u516c\u7d04\u7684\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u4efb\u610f\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7684\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\uff1b(\u4e8c)\u4f86\u6587\u9700\u5177\u540d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u69cb\u6210\u6feb\u7528\u6b64\u9805\u5448\u6587\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e14\u9700\u7b26\u5408\u516c\u7d04\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\uff1b(\u4e09)\u4f86\u6587\u500b\u4eba\u5df2\u7528\u76e1\u53ef\u4ee5\u9069\u7528\u7684\u570b\u5167\u88dc\u6551\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff1b(\u56db)\u4f86\u6587\u6240\u6d89\u540c\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u570b\u969b\u8abf\u67e5\u6216\u89e3\u6c7a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5be9\u67e5\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8a72\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u662f\u7e7c\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u53ca\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u4e4b\u5f8c\u7684\u570b\u969b\u4eba\u6b0a\u61b2\u7ae0\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u500b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u516d\u5e74\u4e09\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u65e5\u751f\u6548\u3002\u622a\u6b62\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e5d\u4e00\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u4e09\u5341\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u516d\u5341\u4e00\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u6279\u51c6\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u8a72\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\uff1b\u53e6\u6709\u4e94\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7c3d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f46\u5c1a\u672a\u6279\u51c6\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u4efb\u610f\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8 <\/p>\n
\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u516d\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u5341\u516d\u65e5\u7b2c2200A(XXI)\u865f\u6c7a\u8b70 <\/p>\n
\u901a\u904e\u4e26\u958b\u653e\u7d66\u5404\u570b\u7c3d\u5b57\u3001\u6279\u51c6\u548c\u52a0\u5165 <\/p>\n
\u751f\u6548\uff1a\u6309\u7167\u7b2c\u4e5d\u689d\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e03\u516d\u5e74\u4e09\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u65e5\u751f\u6548\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\uff0c <\/p>\n
\u8a8d\u70ba\u70ba\u6c42\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u9054\u6210\u516c\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31\u516c\u7d04)\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u53ca\u5be6\u65bd\u5176\u5404\u9805\u898f\u5b9a\uff0c\u5141\u5176\u6388\u6b0a\u516c\u7d04\u7b2c\u56db\u90e8\u4efd\u6240\u8a2d\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e8b\u52d9\u59d4\u54e1\u6703(\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c21\u7a31\u59d4\u54e1\u6703)\u4f9d\u7167\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u6240\u8a02\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e26\u5be9\u67e5\u500b\u4eba\u8072\u7a31\u56e0\u516c\u7d04\u6240\u8f09\u4efb\u4f55\u6b0a\u5229\u906d\u53d7\u4fb5\u5bb3\u800c\u70ba\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u7684\u4f86\u6587\uff0c <\/p>\n
\u7230\u8b70\u5b9a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u689d
\n\u6210\u70ba\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\u7684\u516c\u7d04\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\u627f\u8a8d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6709\u6b0a\u63a5\u53d7\u4e26\u5be9\u67e5\u8a72\u570b\u7ba1\u8f44\u4e0b\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u8072\u7a31\u70ba\u8a72\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\u4fb5\u5bb3\u516c\u7d04\u6240\u8f09\u4efb\u4f55\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u53d7\u5bb3\u4eba\u8005\u7684\u4f86\u6587\u3002\u4f86\u6587\u6240\u6d89\u516c\u7d04\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\u5982\u975e\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7684\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\uff0c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e88\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e8c\u689d
\n\u4ee5\u4e0d\u9055\u53cd\u7b2c\u4e00\u689d\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\u70ba\u9650\uff0c\u51e1\u8072\u7a31\u5176\u5728\u516c\u7d04\u898f\u5b9a\u4e0b\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6b0a\u5229\u906d\u53d7\u4fb5\u5bb3\u7684\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u5982\u5c0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9069\u7528\u7684\u570b\u5167\u88dc\u6551\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u6089\u5df2\u63f4\u7528\u7121\u907a\uff0c\u5f97\u5411\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u66f8\u9762\u63d0\u51fa\u8072\u8acb\uff0c\u7531\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5be9\u67e5\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d
\n\u4f9d\u64da\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u63d0\u9001\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f86\u6587\uff0c\u5982\u7cfb\u4e0d\u5177\u540d\u6216\u7d93\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8a8d\u70ba\u6feb\u7528\u6b64\u9805\u5448\u6587\u6b0a\u6216\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u516c\u7d04\u7684\u898f\u5b9a\u8005\uff0c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u61c9\u4e0d\u4e88\u53d7\u7406\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u56db\u689d
\n\u4e00\u3001\u9664\u7b2c\u4e09\u689d\u898f\u5b9a\u5916\uff0c\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u61c9\u5c07\u6839\u64da\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f86\u6587\u63d0\u8acb\u88ab\u63a7\u9055\u53cd\u516c\u7d04\u4efb\u4f55\u898f\u5b9a\u7684\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\u6ce8\u610f\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u61c9\u65bc\u516d\u500b\u6708\u5167\u66f8\u9762\u5411\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u63d0\u51fa\u89e3\u91cb\u6216\u8072\u660e\uff0c\u8aaa\u660e\u539f\u59d4\uff0c\u5982\u8a72\u570b\u696d\u5df2\u63a1\u53d6\u6551\u6fdf\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u5247\u4ea6\u61c9\u4e00\u4e26\u8aaa\u660e\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e94\u689d
\n\u4e00\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u61c9\u53c3\u7167\u8a72\u500b\u4eba\u53ca\u95dc\u4fc2\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u66f8\u9762\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5be9\u67e5\u6839\u64da\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u6240\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4f86\u6587\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e0d\u5f97\u5be9\u67e5\u4efb\u4f55\u500b\u4eba\u4f86\u6587\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u5df2\u65b7\u5b9a\uff1a <\/p>\n
(\u5b50)\u540c\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u570b\u969b\u8abf\u67e5\u6216\u89e3\u6c7a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5be9\u67e5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff1b <\/p>\n
(\u4e11)\u8a72\u500b\u4eba\u5c0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u9069\u7528\u7684\u570b\u5167\u88dc\u6551\u8fa6\u6cd5\u6089\u5df2\u63f4\u7528\u7121\u907a\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u88dc\u6551\u8fa6\u6cd5\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u6709\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u7684\u62d6\u5ef6\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u9650\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5be9\u67e5\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u6240\u7a31\u7684\u4f86\u6587\uff0c\u61c9\u8209\u884c\u4e0d\u516c\u958b\u6703\u8b70\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u61c9\u5411\u95dc\u4fc2\u7de0\u7d04\u570b\u53ca\u8a72\u500b\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\u5176\u610f\u898b\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u516d\u689d
\n\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u61c9\u5c07\u5176\u6839\u64da\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u9032\u884c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6458\u8981\u5217\u5165\u516c\u7d04\u7b2c\u56db\u5341\u4e94\u689d\u6240\u898f\u5b9a\u7684\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5e74\u5ea6\u5831\u544a\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e03\u689d
\n\u5728\u4e00\u4e5d\u516dO\u5e74\u5341\u4e8c\u6708\u5341\u56db\u65e5\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u901a\u904e\u95dc\u65bc\u7d66\u4e88\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u7368\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u7b2c1514(XV)\u865f\u6c7a\u8b70\u76ee\u6a19\u672a\u9054\u6210\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u51e1\u806f\u5408\u570b\u61b2\u7ae0\u53ca\u806f\u5408\u570b\u8207\u5176\u5404\u5c08\u9580\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e3b\u6301\u4e0b\u8a02\u7acb\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u8207\u6587\u66f8\u7d66\u4e88\u6b64\u7b49\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u8acb\u9858\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u4e0d\u56e0\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u5404\u9805\u898f\u5b9a\u800c\u53d7\u4efb\u4f55\u9650\u5236\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u516b\u689d
\n\u4e00\u3001\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u958b\u653e\u7d66\u696d\u5df2\u7c3d\u7f72\u516c\u7d04\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u7c3d\u5b57\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001 \u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u9808\u7d93\u696d\u5df2\u6279\u51c6\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u516c\u7d04\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u6279\u51c6\u3002\u6279\u51c6\u66f8\u61c9\u4ea4\u5b58\u806f\u5408\u570b\u79d8\u66f8\u9577\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u958b\u653e\u7d66\u696d\u5df2\u6279\u51c6\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u516c\u7d04\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u52a0\u5165\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u52a0\u5165\u61c9\u5411\u806f\u5408\u570b\u79d8\u66f8\u9577\u4ea4\u5b58\u52a0\u5165\u66f8\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u806f\u5408\u570b\u79d8\u66f8\u9577\u61c9\u5c07\u6bcf\u4e00\u6279\u51c6\u66f8\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u66f8\u7684\u4ea4\u5b58\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u696d\u5df2\u7c3d\u7f72\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7684\u6240\u6709\u570b\u5bb6\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e5d\u689d
\n\u4e00\u3001\u4ee5\u516c\u7d04\u751f\u6548\u70ba\u689d\u4ef6\uff0c\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u61c9\u65bc\u7b2c\u5341\u4ef6\u6279\u51c6\u66f8\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u66f8\u4ea4\u5b58\u806f\u5408\u570b\u79d8\u66f8\u9577\u4e4b\u65e5\u8d77\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u767c\u751f\u6548\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5c0d\u65bc\u7b2c\u5341\u4ef6\u6279\u51c6\u66f8\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u66f8\u4ea4\u5b58\u5f8c\u6279\u51c6\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u672c\u8b70\u5b9a\u66f8\u61c9\u81ea\u8a72\u570b\u4ea4\u5b58\u6279\u51c6\u66f8\u6216\u52a0\u5165\u66f8\u4e4b\u65e5\u8d77\u4e09\u500b\u6708\u767c\u751f\u6548\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u5341\u689d
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\u7b2c\u5341\u4e00\u689d
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