\u300c\u8caa\u8150\u300d\uff1f\u745e\u58eb\u6cd5\u5b78\u5bb6\u8c9d\u723e\u7279\u6c99\uff08Daniel Bertosa\uff09\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff1a\u300c\u6240\u8b02\u8caa\u8150\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u516c\u8077\u4eba\u54e1\u70ba\u4e86\u597d\u8655\u80cc\u53db\u4e86\u5176\u8077\u52d9\u300d\u3002\u5176\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u5247\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u5c07\u516c\u5171\u8cc7\u6e90\u6feb\u7528\u65bc\u79c1\u4eba\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u300d\u3002\u7e3d\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8caa\u8150\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u516c\u52d9\u54e1\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u9996\u9577\u6216\u516c\u71df\u4f01\u696d\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u9055\u53cd\u5176\u8077\u5b88\uff0c\u5931\u4fe1\u65bc\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u8caa\u8150\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5207\u80cc\u53db\u7684\u958b\u59cb\u3002\u800c\u8caa\u6c59[corruption)\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u6b77\u53f2\u4e45\u9060\u3001\u5168\u7403\u666e\u53ca\u7684\u793e\u6703\u75c5\u614b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u5404\u5b78\u9580\u9577\u671f\u95dc\u6ce8\u8207\u7814\u8a0e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8ab2\u984c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u540c\u8a31\u591a\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u8a5e\u5f59\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u5c0d\u8caa\u6c61\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e26\u7121\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5171\u8b58[\u8a3b\u4e00)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u806f\u5408\u570b\u65bc2000\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u7279\u8a2d\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\uff0c\u8ca0\u8cac\u5236\u5b9a\u300a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u30022003\u5e7410\u670831\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u5728\u7b2c58\u5c46\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u5168\u9ad4\u6703\u8b70\u6295\u7968\u901a\u904e\u3002\u300a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u88ab\u5b9a\u7fa9\u70ba\u662f\u806f\u5408\u570b\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u52a0\u5f37\u300c\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u300d\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u300c\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u300d\u6210\u6548\u3001\u4fc3\u9032\u300c\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u300d\u9818\u57df\u7684\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u800c\u901a\u904e\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6b77\u53f2\u4e0a\u901a\u904e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u65bc\u6253\u64ca\u570b\u969b\u8caa\u8150\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u4ef6\u30022003\u5e7412\u67089\u65e5\u81f311\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u5728\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5357\u90e8\u6885\u91cc\u9054\u8209\u884c\u7684\u570b\u969b\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u9ad8\u7d1a\u653f\u6cbb\u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\u958b\u653e\u4f9b\u5404\u570b\u7c3d\u7f72\u3002\u8a72\u516c\u7d04\u5c07\u5728\u7b2c30\u500b\u7c3d\u7f72\u570b\u6279\u51c6\u5f8c\u7b2c90\u5929\u751f\u6548\u30022005 \u5e74 12 \u670814\u65e5\uff0c\u8a72\u516c\u7d04\u6b63\u5f0f\u751f\u6548\u3002\u4e26\u4e14\u622a\u81f3\u52302007\u5e741\u6708 20 \u65e5\uff0c\u8a72\u516c\u7d04\u5df2\u88ab140 \u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5df2\u670983\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u6279\u51c6\u4e86\u6b64\u516c\u7d04\u3002<\/p>\n
\u70ba\u7d00\u5ff52003\u5e74 12 \u6708 9 \u65e5\u8a72\u516c\u7d04\u7684\u7c3d\u7f72\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u65e5\uff0c\u548c\u559a\u8d77\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u8caa\u8150\u554f\u984c\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u8207\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002\u5728\u570b\u969b\u53cd\u8caa\u6c61\u7d44\u7e54\u201c\u570b\u969b\u900f\u660e\u7d44\u7e54\u201d \uff08Transparency International\uff0cTI\uff09\u7684\u5021\u8b70\u4e0b\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u65bc2004\u5e74\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5c07\u6bcf\u5e74\u768412\u67089\u65e5\u78ba\u7acb爲\u570b\u969b\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u65e5\u3002<\/p>\n
1993\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u570b\u969b\u900f\u660e\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u662f\u570b\u969b\u4e0a\u552f\u4e00\u5c08\u9580\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u6291\u5236\u8caa\u6c61\u8150\u6557\u7684\u570b\u969b\u6027\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7d44\u7e54\uff08NGO\uff09\u3002\u8a72\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u767c\u8d77\u4eba\u5f7c\u5f97\u2027\u827e\u6839\uff08Peter Eigen\uff09\u8a66\u5716\u7d50\u5408\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6c11\u9593\u4f01\u696d\u8207\u653f\u5e9c\u6a5f\u95dc\u7d44\u6210\u7684\u5f37\u5927\u806f\u76df\uff0c\u5f9e\u884c\u8cc4\u3001\u6536\u8cc4\u5169\u5927\u65b9\u5411\u6253\u64ca\u8caa\u8150\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u6fc0\u767c\u5e36\u52d5\u5404\u570b\u6c11\u9593\u793e\u6703\u7684\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u70ba\u300c\u66f4\u5ec9\u6f54\u300d\u7684\u5730\u7403\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u3002 \u81ea1993\u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u8a72\u7d44\u7e54\u5df2\u7d93\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a87\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5206\u6703\uff08National Chapters\uff09\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u900f\u904e\u5176\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u7684\u5206\u6703\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u4f86\u81ea\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u8207\u793e\u6703\u6b63\u76f4\u5ec9\u6f54\u7684\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u70ba\u300c\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u300d\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u800c\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u50b3\u7d71\u5c0d\u300c\u8caa\u6c61\u300d\u4e00\u8a5e\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e43\u662f\uff1a\u300c\u6feb\u7528\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u4ee5\u8b00\u53d6\u79c1\u5229\u300d\uff08the misuse of public power for private profit\uff1bSenturia\uff0c1993\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u5728\u300c\u653f\u5e9c\u518d\u9020\u300d\uff08Reinventing Government\uff09\u98a8\u6f6e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u696d\u52d9\u5927\u91cf\u5730\u6c11\u71df\u5316\u8207\u7c3d\u7d04\u5916\u5305\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6c11\u9593\u4f01\u696d\u53d7\u653f\u5e9c\u59d4\u8a17\u57f7\u884c\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u65e5\u76ca\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u516c\u6b0a\u529b\u4e0d\u518d\u53ea\u662f\u7531\u4eba\u6c11\u59d4\u8a17\u8ce6\u4e88\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u54e1\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u54e1\u624b\u4e2d\u518d\u5ea6\u59d4\u8a17\u81f3\u6c11\u9593\u4f01\u696d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u900f\u660e\u7d44\u7e54\u5c07\u300c\u8caa\u6c61\u300d\u754c\u5b9a\u70ba\uff1a\u300c\u6feb\u7528\u53d7\u59d4\u8a17\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u8b00\u53d6\u79c1\u5229\u300d\uff08the misuse of entrusted power for private benefit\uff09\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0b\uff0c\u300c\u8caa\u6c61\u300d\u4e0d\u53ea\u4fb7\u9650\u5728\u6307\u6d89\u653f\u5e9c\u5b98\u54e1\u6feb\u7528\u8077\u6b0a\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u5b83\u9084\u6db5\u84cb\u4e86\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u6feb\u7528\u8077\u6b0a\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u4e0d\u7576\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002 [\u8a3b\u4e8c)<\/p>\n
\u904e\u53bb\u8fd1\u5341\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u300c\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u300d\u904b\u52d5\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f46\u4f7f\u4eba\u5011\u958b\u59cb\u6b63\u8996\u4e26\u8a0e\u8ad6\u8caa\u8150\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u66f4\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u8005\u958b\u59cb\u63a1\u53d6\u300c\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u300d\u7684\u5177\u9ad4\u884c\u52d5\u3002\u9452\u65bc\u53f0\u7063\u5728\u9019\u4e00\u6ce2\u5168\u7403\u300c\u53cd\u8caa\u8150\u300d\u904b\u52d5\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8a72\u7f3a\u5e2d\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u6709\u4e00\u7fa4\u5fd7\u540c\u9053\u5408\u7684\u4f19\u4f34\uff0c\u5df2\u958b\u59cb\u8207\u570b\u969b\u900f\u660e\u7d44\u7e54\u9032\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4e26\u8457\u624b\u6210\u7acb\u300c\u53f0\u7063\u900f\u660e\u7d44\u7e54\u300d[Transparency International-Taiwan\uff09\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u570b\u969b\u900f\u660e\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7684\u7b2c87\u500b\u5206\u6703\uff08National Chapter\uff09\u3002
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