\u4e00\u3001\u5e8f\u8a00<\/p>\n
\u8b66\u5bdf\u57f7\u6cd5\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u884c\u4f7f\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a\u8207\u7dca\u6025\u6b0a\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u5341\u5206\u666e\u904d\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u6cd5\u5236\u9762\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u898f\u7bc4\u6216\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5404\u570b\u8b66\u65b9\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b0a\u529b\u4e4b\u5be6\u8e10\u4e0a\uff0c\u591a\u7121\u6cd5\u754c\u5b9a\u78ba\u5207\u4e4b\u7bc4\u570d\u8207\u754c\u7dda\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u884d\u751f\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5176\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u65bc\u6240\u8b02\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u8207\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a\u9650\u4e4b\u5167\u6db5\u7e41\u591a\u4e14\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f9d\u6cd5\u5224\u65b7\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e4b\u57f7\u6cd5\u904e\u7576\u6216\u904e\u5931\uff0c\u5c0d\u53f8\u6cd5\u5373\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u6311\u6230\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u7f8e\u570b\u70ba\u500b\u6848\u5206\u6790\u5be6\u4f8b\uff0c\u63a2\u8a0e\u7f8e\u570b\u8b66\u5bdf\u57f7\u52e4\u884c\u70ba\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a\u8207\u7dca\u6025\u6b0a\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u524d\u8005\u5c0d\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fdd\u969c\u4e4b\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8a8d\u70ba\u6b64\u4e00\u8ab2\u984c\u7684\u5206\u6790\u91cd\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ecd\u5728\u65bc\u4ee5\u4e0d\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4eba\u6b0a\u70ba\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210\u52e4\u52d9\u4e4b\u57f7\u884c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5211\u4e8b\u8207\u6c11\u4e8b\u7dca\u6025\u6b0a\u4e0b\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u4e2d\uff0c\u54e1\u8b66\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u627f\u64d4\u5211\u4e8b\u57f7\u6cd5\u548c\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u5169\u9805\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e8c\u9805\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u6df1\u6df1\u5f71\u97ff\u5169\u8005\u65bc\u61b2\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a\u8207\u7dca\u6025\u6b0a\u898f\u7bc4\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6709\u95dc\u5211\u4e8b\u57f7\u6cd5\u8077\u8cac\u4e4b\u7dca\u6025\u6b0a\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5fc5\u9808\u7372\u53d6\u300c\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\u300d\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u59cb\u5f97\u5c0d\u65bc\u53ef\u80fd\u72af\u7f6a\u4e8b\u9805\u9032\u884c\u5075\u8fa6\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u6240\u7372\u5f97\u4e4b\u8b49\u64da\u5c07\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u70ba\u975e\u6cd5\u8b49\u64da\u3002\u7f8e\u570b\u806f\u90a6\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c\u56db\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u898f\u5b9a:\u300c\u516c\u6c11\u6709\u4fdd\u8b77\u5176\u8eab\u9ad4\u3001\u4f4f\u6240\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u8207\u8ca1\u7522\u4e4b\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u7121\u7406\u62d8\u6355\u3001\u641c\u7d22\u6216\u6263\u62bc\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5f97\u975e\u6cd5\u4fb5\u72af\u3002\u9664\u6709\u6b63\u7576\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u7d93\u5ba3\u8a93\u6216\u4ee3\u8a93\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u4e26\u8a73\u8f09\u641c\u7d22\u4e4b\u5730\u9ede\uff0c\u62d8\u6355\u4e4b\u4eba\u6216\u6536\u62bc\u4e4b\u7269\u5916\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u9812\u767c\u641c\u7d22\u7968\u3001\u62d8\u7968\u6216\u6263\u62bc\u4ee4\u72c0\u3002\u300d\u9019\u662f\u6700\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u61b2\u6cd5\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u5c0d\u57f7\u6cd5\u5de5\u4f5c\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002 \u7f8e\u570b\u806f\u90a6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8b66\u65b9\u5728\u53d7\u5230\u61b2\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u5340\u57df\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u8655\u6240\u6263\u62bc\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8b49\u64da\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u57fa\u65bc\u300c\u53ef\u80fd\u7406\u7531\u300d[probable cause)\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u8b66\u65b9\u958b\u5c55\u7684\u641c\u67e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6263\u62bc\u884c\u70ba\u5fc5\u9808\u63a5\u53d7\u4e8b\u5148\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u8207\u5be9\u67e5\uff0c\u4e26\u61c9\u7372\u5f97\u5fc5\u8981\u4e4b\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u7531\u4e2d\u7acb\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u5b98\u54e1\u8a55\u4f30\uff0c\u8b66\u65b9\u662f\u5426\u5177\u5099\u53ef\u80fd\u7406\u7531\u5be6\u65bd\u902e\u6355\u6216\u641c\u67e5\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u8207\u516c\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\u5efa\u7acb\u6b64\u4e00\u5236\u8861\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u54e1\u8b66\u6295\u8eab\u65bc\u63ed\u9732\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\u5c0d\u6297\u6027\u884c\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6545\u6975\u53ef\u80fd\u5ffd\u7565\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5ba2\u89c0\u6027\u3002
\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u806f\u90a6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u901a\u904e\u5224\u4f8b\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff0c\u54e1\u8b66\u5728\u7acb\u8db3\u65bc\u5211\u4e8b\u8a34\u8a1f\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5373\u5178\u578b\u7684\u57f7\u6cd5\u6d3b\u52d5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7372\u5f97\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\u4ea6\u53ef\u6709\u6240\u4f5c\u70ba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u3001\u73fe\u5834\u902e\u6355\u73fe\u884c\u72af\u3001\u902e\u6355\u5f8c\u4e4b\u641c\u67e5\u3001\u53ef\u8996\u7bc4\u570d\u5167\u7269\u54c1\u4e4b\u6263\u62bc\u3001\u8eca\u8f1b\u641c\u67e5\u3001\u908a\u754c\u641c\u67e5\u3001\u516c\u6d77\u641c\u67e5\u3001\u9700\u8981\u56b4\u683c\u7ba1\u675f\u4e4b\u5546\u696d\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u641c\u67e5\u7b49\u3002 \u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8b66\u65b9\u57fa\u65bc\u57f7\u6cd5\u8077\u8cac\u6240\u884c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u300c[\u5211\u4e8b)\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u300d[ exigent circumstances)\u8655\u7f6e\u6b0a\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u8a31\u591a\u5dde\u7d1a\u6cd5\u9662\u90fd\u5c07\u4e4b\u8996\u70ba\u7121\u9700\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u5f62\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 \u300c[\u5211\u4e8b)\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u300d\u5305\u542b\u8a31\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u614b\uff0c\u4f46\u6b64\u4ea6\u70ba\u6ecb\u751f\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e4b\u865e\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff1a\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7372\u53d6\u641c\u67e5\u8b49\u72c0\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u8b8a\u5f97\u4e0d\u5207\u5be6\u969b\u6216\u6c92\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u5305\u62ec\u5c0d\u54e1\u8b66\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u50b7\u5bb3\u3001\u5c0d\u8b49\u64da\u7684\u7834\u58de\u3001\u7dca\u6025\u8ffd\u6355\u3001\u5c0d\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u7684\u5371\u96aa\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u9189\u9152\u99d5\u99db\u7b49\u7b49\u3002
\n\u81f3\u65bc\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8077\u8cac\u4e4b\u7dca\u6025\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c11\u4e8b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u6c11\u4e8b\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u300d[ civil emergency) \u3002 \u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\uff0c\u5211\u4e8b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u6307\u8b66\u65b9\u57fa\u65bc\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5b58\u5728\u7834\u58de\u72af\u7f6a\u8b49\u64da\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6c92\u6709\u6642\u9593\u7372\u5f97\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u958b\u5c55\u7121\u8b49\u641c\u67e5\u6216\u8005\u6263\u62bc\u884c\u70ba\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u800c\u6c11\u4e8b\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u5247\u662f\u6307\u8b66\u65b9\u63a1\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u5e6b\u52a9\u6216\u8005\u4fdd\u8b77\u4eba\u8eab\u5b89\u5168\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ca1\u7522\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5c65\u884c\u300c\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8077\u8cac\u300d\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u54e1\u8b66\u64c1\u6709\u61c9\u5c0d\u6c11\u4e8b\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u7576\u54e1\u8b66\u5c65\u884c\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8077\u80fd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u61c9\u5c0d\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u6642\uff0c\u7121\u9700\u5177\u5099\u53ef\u80fd\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u4ea6\u7121\u9700\u51fa\u793a\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\u3002 \u6545\u54e1\u8b66\u884c\u4f7f\u7dca\u6025\u6b0a\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u61c9\u7576\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u806f\u90a6\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c\u56db\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u884c\u70ba\u4e26\u975e\u7b2c\u56db\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u6240\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u641c\u67e5\u6216\u8005\u6263\u62bc\u884c\u70ba\u3002
\n\u64da\u6b64\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u8b66\u5bdf\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a\u529b\u4e4b\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4f9d\u64da\u5176\u672c\u8eab\u4e4b\u8077\u52d9\u985e\u578b\u53ca\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672c\u8cea\u4f86\u5224\u65b7\u3002\u82e5\u8b66\u5bdf\u4e43\u662f\u884c\u4f7f\u5c6c\u65bc\u5211\u4e8b\u57f7\u6cd5\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u5247\u5176\u6240\u6709\u4e4b\u81ea\u7531\u88c1\u91cf\u6b0a\u5c07\u53d7\u5230\u61b2\u6cd5\u7b2c\u56db\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u8207\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\u4e4b\u9650\u5236\uff1b\u4f46\u82e5\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8077\u8cac\uff0c\u5247\u5728\u65bc\u63a1\u884c\u7dad\u8b77\u4eba\u6c11\u798f\u5229\u8207\u6b0a\u5229\u4e4b\u4f5c\u70ba\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u61b2\u6cd5\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u6216\u53f8\u6cd5\u4ee4\u72c0\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u662f\u6545\uff0c\u82e5\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f86\u63a2\u7a76\u9673\u96f2\u6797\u8a2a\u53f0\u6642\u6211\u570b\u8b66\u65b9\u7591\u57f7\u6cd5\u904e\u7576\u4e4b\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u96e3\u767c\u73fe\u6b64\u4e00\u6848\u4f8b\u6240\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e26\u4e0d\u5c6c\u65bc\u7dad\u8b77\u4eba\u6c11\u6b0a\u5229\u4e4b\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u8077\u8cac\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u50be\u5411\u65bc\u5211\u4e8b\u57f7\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684[\u5211\u4e8b)\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002\u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u8b66\u5bdf\u5c07\u7576\u6642\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u8a8d\u5b9a\u70ba\u805a\u773e\u6216\u500b\u5225\u6c11\u773e\u6709\u7522\u751f\u9055\u6cd5\u884c\u70ba\u4e4b\u6975\u5927\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5224\u65b7\u5df2\u9032\u5165[\u5211\u4e8b)\u7dca\u6025\u60c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u8b66\u5bdf\u57f7\u6cd5\u8207\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fdd\u969c\u4e4b\u625e\u630c<\/p>\n
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\n\u76f8\u53cd\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u5247\u662f\u300c\u56b4\u683c\u57f7\u884c\u539f\u5247\u300d\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u8ad6\u9ede\u5728\u65bc\u61b2\u6cd5\u898f\u7bc4\u5373\u4fbf\u5728\u7dca\u6025\u72c0\u614b\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u5f97\u6e1b\u640d\u5176\u6548\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u53f8\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8b77\u4e26\u4e0d\u5fc5\u7136\u8207\u570b\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u6216\u516c\u5171\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e4b\u7dad\u8b77\u767c\u751f\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u7dca\u6025\u72c0\u614b\u8207\u6b63\u5e38\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u8207\u57f7\u6cd5\u904e\u7a0b\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\u61c9\u9075\u5faa\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u5728\u7dca\u6025\u72c0\u614b\u4ea6\u61c9\u7576\u4e88\u4ee5\u9069\u7528\u3002\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u9762\u81e8\u4f55\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u61b2\u6cd5\u5747\u61c9\u53d7\u5230\u5c0a\u91cd\u8207\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u4ffe\u5229\u65bc\u5728\u516c\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u5229\u76ca\u4e4b\u9593\u5c0b\u6c42\u9069\u7576\u7684\u5747\u8861\u3002\u300c\u56b4\u683c\u57f7\u884c\u539f\u5247\u300d\u662f\u5728Ex parteMilligan\u4e00\u6848\u4e2d\u6240\u78ba\u7acb\u7684\u3002 \u6cd5\u5b98Davis\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u70ba\u8a72\u539f\u5247\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8ad6\u64da\uff1a\u300c\u7f8e\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u662f\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u7d71\u6cbb\u8005\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u540c\u7b49\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u6230\u722d\u548c\u548c\u5e73\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u6642\u671f\u548c\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4fdd\u8b77\u5404\u500b\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u8655\u65bc\u5de8\u5927\u5371\u6a5f\u6642\u671f\u5c07\u61b2\u6cd5\u9592\u7f6e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4f5c\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u5c07\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0e\u81f4\u7121\u653f\u5e9c\u72c0\u614b\u6216\u8005\u5c08\u5236\u7d71\u6cbb\u3002\u300d
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