\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u2014\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5167\u6db5(\u8a3b1) <\/p>\n
\u674e\u6c38\u7136 <\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u83ef\u4eba\u6b0a\u5354\u6703\u7406\u4e8b\u9577\/\u5169\u5cb8\u7d93\u8cbf\u4ea4\u6d41\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fc3\u9032\u6703\u7406\u4e8b\u9577
\n \u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u76e3\u5bdf\u4eba\/\u6c38\u7136\u6cd5\u5f8b\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u8463\u4e8b\u9577\/\u5f8b\u5e2b <\/p>\n
\u58f9\u3001 \u524d\u8a00 <\/p>\n
\u548c\u5e73\u4e0d\u662f\u885d\u7a81\u7684\u4e0d\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6b63\u7fa9\u7684\u51fa\u5834 <\/p>\n
–\u99ac\u4e01\u8def\u5fb7\uff0e\u91d1\u6069 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u8ddd\u96e2\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u525b\u6eff70 \u9031\u5e74\u7684\u73fe\u5728\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u7121\u4e0d\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d42\u623070 \u9031\u5e74\u70ba\u56b4\u8085\u3001\u76db\u5927\u7684\u7d00\u5ff5\uff0c\u6b64\u61c9\u4fc2\u6709\u9451\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u6240\u5c0e\u81f4\u5e2d\u6372\u5168\u7403\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u6d69\u52ab\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u543e\u4eba\u4ea6\u958b\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u69cb\u548c\u5e73\u66f4\u662f\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u3001\u570b\u969b\u7d44\u7e54\u6240\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u9593\u958b\u59cb\u5c07\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u4eba\u6b0a\u76f8\u4e92\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u4f7f\u548c\u5e73\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b0a\u5229\u800c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u9042\u61c9\u904b\u800c\u751f\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u9010\u6f38\u7531\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u6240\u80af\u8a8d\uff0c\u4e26\u57281984 \u5e74\u900f\u904e\u806f\u5408\u570b\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u5229\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u63ed\u6aeb\uff1a\u300c\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u5747\u6709\u4eab\u53d7\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u795e\u8056\u6b0a\u5229\u300d(\u8a3b2)\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u4e4b\u300c\u5730\u57df\u6230\u722d\u300d\u537b\u4ecd\u662f\u7d61\u7e79\u4e0d\u7d55\uff0c\u6050\u6016\u653b\u64ca\u4ecd\u7136\u6642\u6709\u6240\u898b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u7e31\u4f7f\u672a\u767c\u751f\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u51b7\u6230\u3001\u67cf\u6797\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u53e4\u5df4\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u53f0\u6d77\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u5357\u5317\u97d3\u5c0d\u7acb\u2026\u7b49\u300c\u5371\u6a5f\u72c0\u614b\u300d\uff0c\u4ecd\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8ddd\u96e2\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u529b\u6838\u5fc3\u9059\u9060\u4e4b\u5404\u570b\u6c11\u773e\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u6d88\u9664\u300c\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u300d(structural violence)\uff0c\u4ee5\u793e\u6703\u516c\u7fa9\u4f86\u4fc3\u9032\u4eba\u8207\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u548c\u8ae7\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4e26\u4eab\u6709\u5fc3\u9748\u4e0a\u548c\u5e73\u9700\u6c42\u4e4b\u6eff\u8db3\uff0c\u4e43\u5c6c\u4e00\u500b\u503c\u5f97\u6df1\u601d\u4e26\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8b70\u984c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u53f0\u6d77\u5169\u5cb8\u60c5\u52e2\u5df2\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u528d\u62d4\u5f29\u5f35\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u9010\u6f38\u7a69\u5b9a\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u4e14\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u57281997 \u5e7410 \u6708\u4ea6\u7c3d\u7f72\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\uff0c\u4e26\u57282001\u5e743\u6708\u7372\u5f97\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6279\u51c6\uff0c\u986f\u898b\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5c0d\u65bc\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e4b\u767c\u5c55\u4ea6\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5169\u5cb8\u9593\u5c31\u5c6c\u65bc\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e2d\u4e4b\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u300d\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u8207\u672a\u4f86\u5c55\u671b\uff0c\u4e5f\u70ba\u76f8\u7576\u503c\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u8b70\u984c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u662f\u4ee5\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u64ec\u5148\u5f9e\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4e4b\u7de3\u8d77\u53ca\u610f\u7fa9\u63a2\u8a0e\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7684\u5167\u5bb9\u7a76\u5c6c\u70ba\u4f55\uff0c\u518d\u5c31\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u5728\u570b\u969b\u9593\u4e4b\u767c\u5c55\u70ba\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5247\u5f9e\u5169\u5cb8\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4e4b\u767c\u5c55\u63a2\u8a0e\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u672a\u4f86\u4e4b\u5c55\u671b\uff0c\u547c\u7c72\u570b\u969b\u9593\u61c9\u52aa\u529b\u95e1\u63da\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\uff01\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8cb3\u3001 \u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7684\u6feb\u89f4 <\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001 \u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u2014\u5f9e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a <\/p>\n
\u54f2\u5b78\u53f2\u4e0a\u95dc\u65bc\u4eba\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u53e4\u8001\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4eba\u65e2\u7136\u70ba\u6b77\u53f2\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6539\u9020\u8005\u548c\u4eba\u985e\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5275\u9020\u8005\uff0c\u4eba\u6240\u4eab\u6709\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\u4e5f\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u6f14\u8b8a\u3002\u4eba\u6b0a\u5373\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u610f\u9858\u8207\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6240\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u80fd\u5920\u4fdd\u969c\u8207\u589e\u9032\u81ea\u6211\u53ca\u7fa4\u9ad4\u767c\u5c55\u5730\u4e00\u822c\u6027\u7fa9\u52d9\u8207\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u662f\u4eba\u5728\u793e\u6703\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u6240\u61c9\u4eab\u6709\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fb5\u596a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u653e\u68c4\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u6b0a\u5229(\u8a3b3)\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u67031948\u5e7412\u670810\u65e5\u7b2c217A(III)\u865f\u6c7a\u8b70\u901a\u904e\u4e26\u5ba3\u4f48\u4e4b\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u5728\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u5373\u8f09\u660e\uff1a\u300c\u9452\u65bc\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5bb6\u5ead\u6240\u6709\u6210\u54e1\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u5c0a\u56b4\u53ca\u5176\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u548c\u4e0d\u79fb\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u627f\u8a8d\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u6b63\u7fa9\u8207\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u57fa\u790e\u3002\u300d\u7c21\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e4b\u8cc7\u683c\u6240\u5f97\u4eab\u6709\u4e4b\u56fa\u6709\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u800c\u5177\u6709\u666e\u4e16\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u570b\u5bb6\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u525d\u596a\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u525d\u596a\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u8a72\u4eba\u6240\u904e\u4e4b\u751f\u6d3b\u5373\u7121\u6cd5\u7a31\u70ba\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u6d3b(\u8a3b4)\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u800c\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u6b0a\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u5c07\u76ee\u524d\u4e4b\u4eba\u6b0a\u767c\u5c55\u968e\u6bb5\u5206\u6210\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u63ed\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u5f62\u6210\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u93c8\u689d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u662f\u93c8\u689d\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u74b0\u7bc0\uff0c\u5f9e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u81f3\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u800c\u4fc2\u4fdd\u7559\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u6210\u679c\u4e26\u8d70\u5411\u767c\u5c55\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u968e\u6bb5(\u8a3b5)\uff0c\u7565\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <\/p>\n
(\u4e00) \u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e4b\u8208\u8d77\u4fc2\u572818\u4e16\u7d00\u56e0\u7f8e\u570b\u7368\u7acb\u904b\u52d5\u8207\u6cd5\u570b\u5927\u9769\u547d\u800c\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e3b\u8981\u4fc2\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u5929\u8ce6\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e72\u9810\u500b\u4eba\uff0c\u8b93\u500b\u4eba\u300c\u505a\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u9858\u610f\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e4b\u7279\u6027\u5728\u65bc\u9700\u8981\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u6d88\u6975\u6216\u68c4\u6b0a\u884c\u70ba\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6b0a(\u8a3b6)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5404\u7a2e\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u6b0a\u300d\u7b49\u9632\u79a6\u6b0a\u5373\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u6240\u5f37\u8abf\uff0c\u800c\u56e0\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u4fc2\u5728\u9650\u5236\u570b\u5bb6\u6b0a\u529b\uff0c\u6545\u7576\u6642\u6240\u80af\u5b9a\u4e4b\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u5747\u5c6c\u500b\u4eba\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229(\u8a3b7)\u3002\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u7b2c10 \u689d\u53ca\u300a\u7f8e\u6d32\u4eba\u6b0a\u516c\u7d04\u300b \u7b2c5 \u689d\u7b2c3 \u6b3e\u81f3\u7b2c6 \u6b3e\uff0c\u5373\u4fdd\u969c\u88ab\u525d\u596a\u81ea\u7531\u8005\u6709\u6b0a\u63a5\u53d7\u4eba\u9053\u5f85\u9047\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u5be9\u5224\u524d\u4e4b\u62d8\u7559\u6216\u76e3\u7981\u9700\u7b26\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u6700\u4f4e\u9650\u5ea6\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5c07\u88ab\u544a\u8207\u7d93\u5224\u5211\u8005\u9694\u96e2\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c07\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u8207\u6210\u4eba\u9694\u96e2(\u8a3b8)\uff0c\u5373\u70ba\u9069\u4f8b\u3002 <\/p>\n
(\u4e8c) \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u5230\u4e8618 \u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u81f320 \u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u56e0\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9\u76db\u884c\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u5feb\u901f\u8b8a\u9077\uff0c\u70ba\u907f\u514d\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u56e0\u793e\u6703\u767c\u5c55\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u5be6\u8cea\u7684\u4fb5\u5bb3\u8207\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u9042\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u7a4d\u6975\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u8207\u793e\u6703\u5b89\u5168\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5180\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6c11\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u689d\u4ef6(\u8a3b9)\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u767c\u5c55\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u3001\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u6b0a\u5229\u4e4b\u4f38\u5f35\uff0c\u5176\u5df2\u4e0d\u55ae\u7d14\u900f\u904e\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u6d88\u6975\u6216\u68c4\u6b0a\u884c\u70ba\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u800c\u4fc2\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u9700\u7a4d\u6975\u63a1\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u63aa\u65bd\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u5df2\u5f9e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u6240\u5f37\u8abf\u4e4b\u500b\u4eba\u6b0a\u5229\u767c\u5c55\u81f3\u8981\u6c42\u96c6\u9ad4\u3001\u7fa4\u3001\u985e\u6216\u968e\u7d1a\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229(\u8a3b10)\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u56e0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fc2\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u9700\u7a4d\u6975\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u5236\u5ea6\u4ee5\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u4e3b\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\u70ba\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u6587\u5316\u798f\u5229\u4e4b\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6b0a\u3001\u91ab\u7642\u6b0a\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u6b0a\u3001\u5152\u7ae5\u6b0a\u3001\u5a66\u5973\u6b0a\u3001\u793e\u6703\u4fdd\u96aa\u6b0a\u3001\u5c45\u4f4f\u6b0a\u4ee5\u53ca\u5be6\u8cea\u5e73\u7b49\u6b0a\u7b49\u53d7\u76ca\u6b0a\u4e4b\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u800c\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u7b2c25 \u689d\u5373\u6e05\u695a\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u4eba\u6709\u6b0a\u4eab\u53d7\u70ba\u7dad\u6301\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u548c\u5bb6\u5c6c\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u798f\u5229\u6240\u9700\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u6e96\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u98df\u7269\u3001\u8863\u8457\u3001\u4f4f\u623f\u3001\u91ab\u7642\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u793e\u6703\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u300d\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u8207\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u7b2c11 \u689d\u4ea6\u63ed\u6aeb\uff1a\u300c\u672c\u516c\u7d04\u7de0\u7d04\u5404\u570b\u627f\u8a8d\u4eba\u4eba\u6709\u6b0a\u70ba\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u7372\u5f97\u76f8\u7576\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u6e96\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u98df\u7269\u3001\u8863\u8457\u548c\u4f4f\u623f\uff0c\u4e26\u80fd\u4e0d\u65b7\u6539\u9032\u751f\u6d3b\u689d\u4ef6\u3002\u300d <\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9069\u7576\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u6e96\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5fc5\u9808\u7b26\u5408\u6709\u5c0a\u56b4\u4e4b\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u6148\u5584\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u85c9\u7531\u6b0a\u5229\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210(\u8a3b11)\uff0c\u6b64\u5373\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\u7cbe\u795e\u3002 <\/p>\n
(\u4e09) \u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u662f\u5f9e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u5f8c\u8fc4\u4eca\u6301\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5176\u80cc\u666f\u662f1950 \u5e74\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u5370\u5c3c\u53ec\u96c6\u300c\u842c\u9686\u6703\u8b70\u300d\uff0c\u8868\u9054\u5171\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\u4ee5\u53ca\u64fa\u812b\u7f8e\u8607\u5169\u5f37\u4e4b\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u4e0d\u7d50\u76df\u300d\u4e4b\u614b\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u5c0d\u570b\u969b\u4e8b\u52d9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u8868\u9054\u5176\u6587\u5316\u50b3\u7d71\u8207\u50f9\u503c\u7406\u5ff5(\u8a3b12)\u3002\u800c\u842c\u9686\u6703\u8b70\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u300a\u5341\u9805\u539f\u5247\u300b\u4fbf\u7279\u5225\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5be6\u884c\u300c\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6c7a\u662f\u5145\u5206\u4eab\u53d7\u4e00\u5207\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u5229\u7684\u5148\u6c7a\u689d\u4ef6\u300d\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u53ca\u653f\u5e9c\u90fd\u6709\u8cac\u4efb\u548c\u7fa9\u52d9\u53cd\u5c0d\u4e26\u8b74\u8cac\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u9694\u96e2\u3001\u7a2e\u65cf\u6ec5\u7d55\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u548c\u5236\u5ea6(\u8a3b13)\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u800c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u65e2\u4fc2\u7531\u65bc20 \u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u53cd\u5e1d\u570b\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u4fdd\u8b77\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u6545\u5176\u4fc2\u4ee5\u300c\u96c6\u9ad4\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u84cb\u5730\u7403\u6c61\u67d3\u74b0\u5883\u554f\u984c\u5c64\u51fa\u4e0d\u7aae\u3001\u6838\u5b50\u6230\u722d\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u8017\u76e1\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u53e3\u7206\u70b8\u7b49\u76f4\u63a5\u5a01\u8105\u4eba\u5b58\u7e8c\u4e4b\u554f\u984c\u4e0d\u65b7\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u74b0\u5883\u6b0a\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7b49\u65b0\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u4e43\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\uff08\u8a3b14\uff09\u3002\u800c\u5176\u5167\u6db5\u5373\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u767c\u5c55\u6b0a\u3001\u6c11\u65cf\u81ea\u6c7a\u6b0a\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u6b0a\u3001\u4eba\u985e\u5171\u540c\u907a\u7522\u6b0a\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7b49\u9023\u5e36\u6b0a\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001 \u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7684\u8d77\u6e90 <\/p>\n
\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u5f8c\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u9593\u7030\u6f2b\u8457\u4e00\u80a1\u5bc4\u671b\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u6c23\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u7576\u6642\u7e3d\u7d71\u5a01\u723e\u905c\u7684\u9f13\u5439\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b97\u65e8\u70ba\u6e1b\u5c11\u6b66\u5668\u6578\u91cf\u3001\u5e73\u606f\u570b\u969b\u7cfe\u7d1b\u53ca\u7dad\u6301\u6c11\u773e\u751f\u6d3b\u6c34\u5e73\u4e4b\u300c\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df\u300d\u9042\u56e0\u904b\u800c\u751f\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u4e5f\u958b\u59cb\u8457\u624b\u5617\u8a66\u570b\u969b\u9593\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u7dad\u6301\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4f46\u56e0\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df\u6b20\u7f3a\u57f7\u884c\u6c7a\u8b70\u4e4b\u5f37\u5236\u529b\uff0c\u4e14\u7f8e\u570b\u4e26\u672a\u52a0\u5165\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df\u6b20\u7f3a\u5805\u5b9a\u6eab\u548c\u4e4b\u7a69\u5b9a\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u81f4\u4f7f\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df\u4e4b\u6548\u7528\u59cb\u7d42\u4e0d\u5f70\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u6a5f\u5236\u4ea6\u5ba3\u544a\u5931\u6557\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5a01\u723e\u905c\u6240\u63d0\u5021\u7684\u300c\u570b\u969b\u806f\u76df\u300d\u6700\u5f8c\u4ee5\u5931\u6557\u6536\u5834\uff0c\u4f46\u5a01\u723e\u905c\u4fc2\u5c07\u5eb7\u5fb7\u65bc\u300c\u6c38\u4e45\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u53ea\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u6c11\u4e3b\u570b\u5bb6\u9593\u7684\u76df\u7d04\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u4e4b\u5efa\u8b70\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f62\u5851\u5176\u69cb\u60f3(\u8a3b15)\uff0c\u4e26\u56e0\u6b64\u5960\u5b9a\u65e5\u5f8c\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u70ba\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e16\u754c\u548c\u5e73\u4e26\u5efa\u7acb\u8d85\u570b\u5bb6\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u55e3\u5f8c\u66f4\u6df1\u9060\u5730\u5f71\u97ff\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u900f\u904e\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4e4b\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5df2\u7d93\u958b\u59cb\u6210\u70ba\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5171\u8b58\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u6240\u7522\u751f\u4ee5\u6838\u5b50\u6b66\u5668\u70ba\u9996\u7684\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u6bba\u50b7\u6027\u5175\u5668\uff08WMD, Weapon of Mass Destruction\uff09\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u9020\u6210\u570b\u969b\u9593\u7684\u9707\u64bc\uff0c\u6838\u6b66\u4f7f\u6574\u500b\u4e16\u754c\u9032\u5165\u300c\u65e2\u4e0d\u548c\u5e73\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u6230\u722d\u300d\u7684\u4e2d\u9593\u72c0\u614b\u3002\u800c\u904e\u53bb\u903e\u534a\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u96d6\u7136\u6c92\u6709\u518d\u767c\u751f\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\uff0c\u4f46\u97d3\u6230\u3001\u8d8a\u6230\u3001\u963f\u5bcc\u6c57\u6230\u722d\u3001\u6ce2\u65af\u7063\u6230\u722d\u3001\u4f0a\u62c9\u514b\u6230\u722d\u3001\u4ee5\u963f\u6230\u722d\u7b49\u300c\u5730\u57df\u6230\u722d\u300d\u5c64\u51fa\u4e0d\u7aae\uff0c\u800c\u67cf\u6797\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u53e4\u5df4\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u53f0\u6d77\u5371\u6a5f\u3001\u5357\u5317\u97d3\u5c0d\u7acb\u3001\u4ee5\u963f\u5c0d\u7acb\u3001\u6050\u6016\u653b\u64ca\u7b49\u300c\u5371\u6a5f\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u4ea6\u6240\u5728\u591a\u6709\uff0c\u6b64\u7a2e\u72c0\u614b\u4f7f\u548c\u5e73\u5167\u5bb9\u767c\u751f\u8f49\u8b8a\uff0c\u5f9e\u4ee5\u5f80\u300c\u62d2\u7d55\u6230\u722d\u300d\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u300c\u6d88\u9664\u6230\u722d\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u5f8c\uff0c\u53cd\u6230\u548c\u5e73\u904b\u52d5\u4e5f\u5728\u300c\u5e73\u6642\u300d\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5171\u540c\u7684\u8a8d\u8b58\u70ba\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u6230\u722d\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u5373\u662f\u5931\u53bb\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u958b\u6e96\u6230\u6642\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u5316\u5373\u70ba\u4fc3\u4f7f\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e4b\u4e3b\u56e0\uff08\u8a3b16\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u56e0\u548c\u5e73\u5c0d\u65bc\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u800c\u8a00\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u907f\u514d\u767c\u751f\u6230\u722d\u5373\u53ef\u4e4b\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u4fc2\u570b\u5bb6\u5fc5\u9808\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u6c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e73\u6642\u4ea6\u53ef\u4eab\u6709\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u6230\u722d\u5a01\u8105\u4e4b\u5fc3\u9748\u4e0a\u7684\u5e73\u548c\uff1b\u662f\u4ee5\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u300c\u53cd\u5c04\u5229\u76ca\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u6210\u70ba\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u300c\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u57281984 \u5e7411 \u670812 \u65e5\uff0c\u901a\u904e \u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u5229\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u5167\u5bb9\u5305\u542b\uff1a\u300c1.\u838a\u56b4\u5ba3\u5e03\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u5747\u6709\u4eab\u53d7\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u795e\u8056\u6b0a\u5229\uff1b2. \u838a\u56b4\u5ba3\u544a\u7dad\u8b77\u5404\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u4eab\u6709\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u4fc3\u9032\u5be6\u73fe\u9019\u7a2e\u6b0a\u5229\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6839\u672c\u7fa9\u52d9\uff1b3.\u5f37\u8abf\u5982\u8981\u4fdd\u8b49\u5404\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u884c\u4f7f\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u5404\u570b\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u52d9\u5fc5\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u6838\u6230\u722d\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u653e\u68c4\u5728\u570b\u969b\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b66\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6839\u64da\u300a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u61b2\u7ae0\u300b\u4ee5\u548c\u5e73\u65b9\u5f0f\u89e3\u6c7a\u570b\u969b\u722d\u7aef\u70ba\u5176\u76ee\u6a19\uff1b4.\u7c72\u8acb\u5404\u570b\u548c\u5404\u570b\u969b\u7d44\u7e54\u5728\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u570b\u969b\u4e00\u7d1a\u5747\u63a1\u53d6\u9069\u7576\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u76e1\u6700\u5927\u529b\u91cf\u5354\u52a9\u5be6\u73fe\u4eba\u6c11\u4eab\u6709\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u300d(\u8a3b17)\uff0c\u662f\u4ee5\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4eab\u6709\u4e4b\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7acb\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u5df2\u70ba\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6240\u78ba\u8a8d\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u53c3\u3001 \u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u2014\u4eba\u6b0a\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4eba\u6b0a <\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001 \u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7684\u5167\u6db5\u8207\u7279\u8cea <\/p>\n
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\u4e8c\u3001 \u548c\u5e73\u6b0a–\u5f9e\u53cd\u5c04\u5229\u76ca\u5230\u6b0a\u5229 <\/p>\n
\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7d50\u675f\u8fc4\u4eca\u8d85\u904e70 \u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u518d\u6b21\u7206\u767c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u6027\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5730\u57df\u6027\u6230\u722d\u4ecd\u5c64\u51fa\u4e0d\u7aae\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5177\u6709\u6e96\u6230\u6642\u6027\u8cea\u4e4b\u300c\u5371\u6a5f\u72c0\u614b\u300d\u4ea6\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u5404\u5340\u57df\u4e43\u81f3\u65bc\u5168\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u958b\u6e96\u6230\u6642\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e00\u65e6\u5d29\u6f70\uff0c\u6975\u53ef\u80fd\u5c0d\u4eba\u985e\u5e36\u4f86\u83ab\u5927\u707d\u5bb3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u300c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0d\u767c\u751f\u6230\u722d\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u56e0\u6b64\u80fd\u66ab\u4fdd\u5b89\u5be7\u300d\u7684\u53cd\u5c04\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5df2\u7d93\u4e0d\u6577\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u6487\u4e0b\u548c\u5e73\u50c5\u662f\u55ae\u7d14\u7684\u300c\u5229\u76ca\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u66f4\u7a4d\u6975\u5730\u8981\u6c42\u5c07\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\uff08\u8a3b20\uff09\u3002\u63db\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u6b32\u8ffd\u6c42\u8005\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u4eba
\n\u6c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52d5\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u7d66\u4e88\u300c\u53bb\u9664\u6e96\u6230\u6642\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e4b\u5e38\u614b\u5316\u300d\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b1984 \u5e74\u900f\u904e\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u5229\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u63ed\u6aeb\uff1a\u300c\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u5747\u6709\u4eab\u53d7\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u795e\u8056\u6b0a\u5229\u300d21\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u662f\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4eab\u6709\u4e4b\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7acb\u6b0a\u5229\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u96a8\u84571990 \u5e74\u4ee3\u570b\u969b\u5c40\u52e2\u548c\u7de9\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u9081\u5411\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u8996\u91ce\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u4ee5\u5f80\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u74b0\u5883\u6709\u4e86\u5341\u5206\u660e\u986f\u7684\u8b8a\u66f4\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u570b\u5bb6\u5728\u9762\u81e8\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u7d44\u7e54\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u4eba\u6b0a\u8feb\u5bb3\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u7b49\u5168\u7403\u6027\u516c\u5171\u8b70\u984c\u6642\uff0c\u986f\u5f97\u529b\u6709\u672a\u902e\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u51b7\u6230\u7684\u7d50\u675f\u8c61\u5fb5\u4e00\u7a2e\u65b0\u7684\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7576\u570b\u969b\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u5b89\u5168\u554f\u984c\u9032\u884c\u7d71\u6574\u6642\uff0c\u4fc3\u6210\u4e86\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u5373\u662f\u5f37\u8abf\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4eba\u6c11\u4e0d\u53d7\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u98e2\u9913\u3001\u5931\u696d\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u58d3\u8feb\u7b49\u5a01\u8105\uff08\u8a3b22\uff09\u3002\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5373\u8a8d\u70ba\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u5169\u500b\u9818\u57df\uff1a\u300c\u514d\u65bc\u6050\u61fc\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u514d\u65bc\u5331\u4e4f\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5169\u500b\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u5f9e\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6210\u7acb\u4ee5\u4f86\u5c31\u4e00\u76f4\u88ab\u91cd\u8996\u7684(\u8a3b23\uff09\u3002\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u4e3b\u5e2d\u7dd2\u65b9\u8c9e\u5b50\uff08Sadako Ogata\uff09\u5373\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u8207\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fdd\u969c\u662f\u540c\u6642\u4e26\u5b58\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4eba\u6b0a\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u6240\u5f37\u8abf\u4fdd\u969c\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff08\u8a3b24\uff09\u3002\u800c\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u548c\u5e73\u76ee\u7684\u5728\u65bc\u7a4d\u6975\u5efa\u69cb\u4e00\u500b\u80af\u5b9a\u751f\u547d\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u4eba\u6027\u5c0a\u56b4\u4e26\u4e14\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u80fd\u5920\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u6230\u722d\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u5a01\u8105\u4e4b\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7a4d\u6975\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u5be6\u73fe\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u9023\u5e36\u4f7f\u4eba\u985e\u5b89\u5168\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u5f97\u52a0\u4ee5\u843d\u5be6\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u662f\u4ee5\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u4eba\u6c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52d5\u5411\u570b\u5bb6\u8acb\u6c42\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u66f4\u7121\u6cd5\u52a0\u4ee5\u5426\u8a8d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u53c3\u8003\u65e5\u672c\u300a\u61b2\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u601d\u60f3\u6216\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9054\u5230\u300c\u7121\u6230\u722d\u548c\u5e73\u751f\u5b58\u300d\u7684\u5883\u754c\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u8207\u751f\u547d\u6b0a\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u6240\u8b02\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u751f\u5b58\u6b0a\u300d\uff08\u8a3b25\uff09\uff1b\u96d6\u53e6\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u56fa\u7136\u4fc2\u81ea\u751f\u547d\u6b0a\u64f4\u5145\u800c\u4f86\uff0c\u4f46\u5169\u8005\u4fc2\u5c6c\u4e0d\u540c
\n\u5c64\u6b21\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\uff08\u8a3b26\uff09\uff0c\u60df\u4e0d\u8ad6\u524d\u958b\u4f55\u7a2e\u5b78\u8aaa\uff0c\u5747\u4e00\u81f4\u80af\u5b9a\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u6216\u548c\u5e73\u751f\u5b58\u6b0a\u70ba\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u5f97\u4eab\u6709\u4e4b\u4e00\u7a2e\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u5229\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8086\u3001 \u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7684\u767c\u5c55 <\/p>\n
\u4e00\u63d0\u5230\u570b\u969b\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u8005\u83ab\u904e\u65bc1945 \u5e74\u4e4b\u300c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u61b2\u7ae0\u300d\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u61b2\u7ae0\u5728\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u5373\u5f37\u8abf\uff1a\u300c\u6b32\u514d\u5f8c\u4e16\u518d\u906d\u4eca\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u5169\u5ea6\u8eab\u6b77\u6158\u4e0d\u582a\u8a00\u4e4b\u6230\u798d\uff0c\u91cd\u4f38\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\uff0c\u4eba\u683c\u5c0a\u56b4\u8207\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7537\u5973\u8207\u5927\u5c0f\u5404\u570b\u5e73\u7b49\u6b0a\u5229\u4e4b\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u9069\u7576\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4ffe\u514b
\n \u7dad\u6301\u6b63\u7fa9\u2026\u4e26\u70ba\u9054\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\u529b\u884c\u5bb9\u6055\u5f7c\u6b64\u4ee5\u5584\u9130\u4e4b\u9053\uff0c\u548c\u7766\u76f8\u8655\uff0c\u96c6\u4e2d\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u7dad\u6301\u570b\u969b\u548c\u5e73\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u8a72\u61b2\u7ae0\u7b2c1\u689d\u7b2c1 \u9805\u898f\u5b9a\u806f\u5408\u570b\u8a2d\u7acb\u4e4b\u5b97\u65e8\u70ba\uff1a\u300c\u7dad\u6301\u570b\u969b\u548c\u5e73\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\uff1b\u4e26\u70ba\u6b64\u76ee\u7684\uff1a\u63a1\u53d6\u6709\u6548\u96c6\u9ad4\u8fa6\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e14\u6d88\u9664\u5c0d\u65bc\u548c\u5e73\u4e4b\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u5236\u6b62\u4fb5\u7565\u884c\u70ba\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u548c\u5e73\u4e4b\u7834\u58de\uff1b\u4e26\u4ee5\u548c\u5e73\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e14\u4f9d\u6b63\u7fa9\u53ca\u570b\u969b\u6cd5\u4e4b\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u8abf\u6574\u6216\u89e3\u6c7a\u8db3\u4ee5\u7834\u58de\u548c\u5e73\u4e4b\u570b\u969b\u722d\u7aef\u6216\u60c5\u52e2\u3002\u300d\u55e3\u65bc1948 \u5e74\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u66f4\u5177\u9ad4\u5730\u5728\u7b2c28 \u689d\u63d0\u51fa\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u4eba\u6709\u6b0a\u8981\u6c42\u4e00\u7a2e\u793e\u6703\u548c\u570b\u969b\u7684\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u672c\u5ba3\u8a00\u6240\u8f09\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u5145\u5206\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u300d\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u5df2\u4e00\u518d\u5ba3\u793a\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u4e4b\u4f5c\u70ba\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e4b\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u5728\u6b64\u6642\u50c5\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u7406\u60f3\u6216\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u5c1a\u672a\u767c\u5c55\u6210\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u300c\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\uff08\u8a3b27\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u55e3\u65bc1970 \u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u570b\u969b\u9593\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u958b\u59cb\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4ea6\u958b\u59cb\u88ab\u7d0d\u5165\u70ba\u300c\u570b\u969b\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\u4e4b\u7bc4\u7587\uff0c\u4f8b\u59821975 \u5e74\u806f\u5408\u570b\u6559\u80b2\u79d1\u5b78\u6587\u5316\u7d44\u7e54\u901a\u904e\u300a\u5229\u7528\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6280\u8853\u9032\u5c55\u4ee5\u4fc3\u9032\u548c\u5e73\u4e26\u9020\u798f\u4eba\u985e\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u3001\u540c\u5e74\u7f8e\u3001\u8607\u7b49\u6771\u897f\u6b50\u6d32\u5404\u570b\u6240\u7c3d\u8a02\u4e4b\u300a\u8d6b\u723e\u8f9b\u57fa\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u63d0\u5230\uff1a\u300c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4eba\u6b0a\u53ca\u57fa\u672c\u81ea\u7531\u70ba\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u6b63\u7fa9\u3001\u798f\u5229\u4e4b\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\u300d\u30011976 \u5e74\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4eba\u6b0a\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u6c7a\u8b70\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\uff1a\u300c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u64c1\u6709\u751f\u5b58\u65bc\u570b\u969b\u548c\u5e73\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u300d\u30011978 \u5e74\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7e3d\u6703\u63a1\u7528\u300a\u70ba\u4e86\u548c\u5e73\u751f\u5b58\u4e4b\u793e\u6703\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u660e\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u6240\u6709\u570b\u6c11\u53ca\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u985e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u4eba\u7a2e\u3001\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u6027\u5225\uff0c\u7686\u6709\u751f\u5b58\u65bc\u548c\u5e73\u4e2d\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\u3001\u540c\u5e74\u5728\u5967\u65af\u9678\u6240\u8209\u8fa6\u4e4b\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u8207\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u66f4\u63d0\u5021\u300c\u62d2\u7d55\u53c3\u8207\u6230\u722d\u4e4b\u6b0a\u5229\u61c9\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u4eba\u6b0a\u300d28\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u5373\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u570b\u969b\u601d\u6f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u57281984 \u5e74\u901a\u904e\u300a\u4eba\u6c11\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u5229\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u78ba\u8a8d\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u662f\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u6240\u5747\u5f97\u4eab\u6709\u4e4b\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7acb\u6b0a\u5229\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u70ba\u570b\u969b\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u4e5f\u9678\u7e8c\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5730\u57df\u6027\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u61b2\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u59821981 \u5e74\u4e4b\u300a\u975e\u6d32\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u5373\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u300c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u6c11\u5747\u64c1\u6709\u8981\u6c42\u570b\u5bb6\u53ca\u570b\u969b\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u300d\uff08\u8a3b29\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u59161998 \u5e74\u5411\u5168\u4e9e\u6d32\u5ba3\u793a\u4e4b\u300a\u4e9e\u6d32\u4eba\u6b0a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff0c\u4ea6\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u300c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u6b0a\u5728\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u767c\u63ee\u5176\u9ad4\u80fd\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u3001\u9053\u5fb7\u548c\u6027\u9748\u4e0a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u514d\u65bc\u6210\u70ba\u4efb\u4f55\u66b4\u884c\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u548c\u5718\u9ad4\u90fd\u6709\u6b0a\u514d\u65bc\u6240\u6709\u5f62\u5f0f\u570b\u5bb6\u66b4\u529b\u5305\u62ec\u8b66\u5bdf\u548c\u6b66\u88dd\u90e8\u968a\u7684\u66b4\u884c\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002\u300d\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5c07\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u7684\u5167\u6db5\u6975\u5927\u5316\uff08\u8a3b30\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u53c8\u95dc\u65bc\u5404\u570b\u61b2\u6cd5\u4e4b\u7acb\u6cd5\u4f8b\uff0c\u63d0\u53ca\u548c\u5e73\u7406\u5ff5\u4e4b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e0d\u52dd\u679a\u8209\uff0c\u4f46\u50c5\u6709\u65e5\u672c\u300a\u61b2\u6cd5\u300b\u660e\u78ba\u5c07\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u7d0d\u5165\u300a\u61b2\u6cd5\u300b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u300a\u61b2\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c9 \u689d\u898f\u5b9a\uff1a\u300c\u65e5\u672c\u570b\u6c11\uff0c\u8aa0\u5be6\u5730\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u6b63\u7fa9\u79e9\u5e8f\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u7684\u570b\u969b\u548c\u5e73\uff0c\u6c38\u9060\u653e\u68c4\u4ee5\u570b\u6b0a\u767c\u52d5\u4e4b\u6230\u722d\u6216\u6b66\u529b\u4e4b\u884c\u4f7f\uff0c\u7576\u505a\u89e3\u6c7a\u570b\u969b\u7d1b\u722d\u4e4b\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u70ba\u9054\u6210\u524d\u9805\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fdd\u6709\u6d77\u9678\u7a7a\u8ecd\u5176\u4ed6\u6230\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u5426\u8a8d\u570b\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4ea4\u6230\u6b0a\u3002\u300d\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u5b78\u754c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u5b78\u8005\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u570b\u5bb6\u65bd\u884c\u6230\u722d\u6216\u884c\u4f7f\u6b66\u529b\u5747\u5c6c\u4fb5\u5bb3 \u6b0a\u5229\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u4fdd\u6709\u8ecd\u968a\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4ea6\u5c6c\u4fb5\u5bb3\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u751f\u5b58\u6b0a\u300d\u4e4b\u884c\u70ba\uff08\u8a3b31\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4f0d\u3001 \u7d50\u8a9e <\/p>\n
\u300a\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u8207\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7a31\u5169\u516c\u7d04\uff09\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u524d\u8a00\u5df2\u660e\u767d\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u4f7f\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u6709\u5176\u7d93\u6fdf\u3001\u793e\u6703\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4eab\u6709\u5176\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5be6\u73fe\u81ea\u7531\u4eba\u985e\u4eab\u6709\u514d\u65bc\u6050\u61fc\u548c\u5331\u4e4f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u3002\u300d\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u660e\u986f\u5730\uff0c\u5169\u516c\u7d04\u5c31\u662f\u8ffd\u5c0b\u514d\u65bc\u6050\u61fc\u548c\u5331\u4e4f\u4e4b\u5883\u754c32\u3002\u800c\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4f7f\u4eba\u985e\u514d\u65bc\u6050\u61fc\u8207\u5331\u4e4f\u4e4b\u5a01\u8105\uff0c\u4ea6\u70ba\u300c\u7a4d\u6975\u548c\u5e73\u300d\u6240\u6b32\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e4b\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u986f\u7136\u524d\u958b\u5169\u516c\u7d04\u8207\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4e4b\u5b97\u65e8\u8207\u76ee\u6a19\u82e5\u5408\u7b26\u7bc0\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u61b2\u6cd5\u5b78\u754c\u751a\u81f3\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u548c\u5e73\u751f\u5b58\u6b0a\u300d\u4fc2\u5c6c\u78ba\u4fdd\u4eba\u985e\u300c\u514d\u65bc\u6050\u61fc\u300d\u8207\u300c\u514d\u65bc\u5331\u4e4f\u300d\u5169\u5927\u6b0a\u5229\u4e4b\u57fa\u790e\u6027\u6b0a\u5229\uff08\u8a3b33\uff09\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u800c\u53f0\u7063\u96d6\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u806f\u5408\u570b\u4e4b\u6703\u54e1\u570b\uff0c\u4f46\u7acb\u6cd5\u9662\u5df2\u65bc2009\u5e743 \u670831 \u65e5\u901a\u904e\u5169\u516c\u7d04\uff08\u5373\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u8207\u300a\u793e\u6703\u7d93\u6fdf\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\uff09\u53ca\u5169\u516c\u7d04\u65bd\u884c\u6cd5\uff0c\u8db3\u898b\u53f0\u7063\u4e0d\u50c5\u843d\u5be6\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4e4b\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u66f4\u5c07\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u4e4b\u5167\u5bb9\u7d0d\u5165\u570b\u5167\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u6b32\u5efa\u69cb\u4e00\u500b\u80af\u5b9a\u751f\u547d\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u4eba\u6027\u5c0a\u56b4\u4e26\u4e14\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u80fd\u5920\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u6230\u722d\u3001\u66b4\u529b\u5a01\u8105\u4e4b\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u4eba\u6c11\u80fd\u5920\u300c\u514d\u65bc\u6050\u61fc\u300d\u53ca\u300c\u514d\u65bc\u5331\u4e4f\u300d\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u81f3\u65bc\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u57281998 \u5e7410 \u67085 \u65e5\u7c3d\u7f72\u300a\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b0a\u5229\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4eba\u6c11\u4ee3\u8868\u5927\u6703\u8fc4\u4eca\u5c1a\u672a\u6279\u51c6\u4e26\u65bd\u884c\u8a72\u516c\u7d04\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u5df2\u57281980 \u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u300a\u6d88\u9664\u5c0d\u5a66\u5973\u4e00\u5207\u5f62\u5f0f\u6b67\u8996\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u3001\u57281981 \u5e74\u52a0\u5165\u300a\u6d88\u9664\u5404\u7a2e\u5f62\u5f0f\u7a2e\u65cf\u6b67\u8996\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u3001\u57281983 \u5e744 \u670818 \u65e5\u6279\u51c6\u300a\u7981\u6b62\u4e26\u61f2\u6cbb\u7a2e\u65cf\u9694\u96e2\u7f6a\u884c\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u3001\u57281988 \u5e7410 \u67084 \u65e5\u6279\u51c6\u300a\u7981\u6b62\u9177\u5211\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6b98\u5fcd\u3001 \u4e0d\u4eba\u9053\u6216\u6709\u8fb1\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u5f85\u9047\u6216\u8655\u7f70\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u3001\u57282001 \u5e743 \u670827 \u65e5\u6279\u51c6\u300a\u7d93\u6fdf\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u6b0a\u5229\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u300b\u2026\u7b49\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d0434\uff0c\u8db3\u898b\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5c0d\u65bc\u570b\u969b\u4eba\u6b0a\u53ca\u548c\u5e73\u6b0a\u65e5\u76ca\u91cd\u8996\u3002\u4e14\u81ea2008 \u5e74\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u5169\u5cb8\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u5411\u524d\u9081\u9032\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u66f4\u7c3d\u8a02\u8af8\u591a\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u672a\u4f86\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u300a\u6d77\u5cfd\u5169\u5cb8\u7d93\u6fdf\u5408\u4f5c\u67b6\u69cb\u5354\u8b70\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6d77\u5cfd\u5169\u5cb8\u6295\u8cc7\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u4fc3\u9032\u5354\u8b70\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6d77\u5cfd\u5169\u5cb8\u6d77\u95dc\u5408\u4f5c\u5354\u8b70\u300b\u2026\u7b49\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u800c\u96a8\u8457\u5169\u5cb8\u9593\u4e4b\u5354\u8b70\u4e0d\u65b7\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u5169\u5cb8\u9593\u4e4b\u548c\u5e73\u57fa\u790e\u4ea6\u6703\u66f4\u52a0\u7a69\u56fa\uff0c\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u5169\u5cb8\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u5f97\u4ee5\u78ba\u5207\u843d\u5be6\uff0c\u4ecd\u9808\u5efa\u7acb\u76f8\u95dc\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u5169\u5cb8\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u767c\u5c55\u80fd\u7372\u5f97\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff08\u8a3b35\uff09\uff1a <\/p>\n
1. \u653f\u7b56\u6a5f\u5236\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u5169\u5cb8\u9593\u5065\u5168\u4e4b\u653f\u7b56\u6a5f\u5236\u7121\u7591\u53ef\u70ba\u5169\u5cb8\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5c0e\u8207\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u84cb\u82e5\u5169\u5cb8\u653f\u7b56\u80fd\u7a69\u5b9a\u3001\u5065\u5168\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u6c7a\u7b56\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3001\u8b70\u7a0b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u6216\u653f\u7b56\u5be6\u65bd\u8a55\u4f30\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u7576\u80fd\u4e26\u99d5\u9f4a\u9a45\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5169\u5cb8\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u5fc5\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u83ab\u5927\u4fdd\u969c\u53ca\u52a9\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n
2. \u6cd5\u5f8b\u6a5f\u5236\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u7fd2\u8fd1\u5e73\u4e3b\u5e2d\u65bc2012 \u5e7410 \u6708\u9593\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u5341\u516b\u5c46\u56db\u4e2d\u5168\u6703\u4e2d\u5ba3\u793a\uff1a\u300c\u6cd5\u6cbb\u662f\u6cbb\u570b\u7406\u653f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u5f0f\u300d\uff0c\u986f\u898b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5236\u5ea6\u5c0d\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u6cbb\u7406\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u5169\u5cb8\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u5236\u5ea6\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5236\u5316\u4ea6\u540c\uff0c\u82e5\u5169\u5cb8\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6a5f\u5236\u52a0\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u7576\u80fd\u4f7f\u98a8\u96aa\u964d\u81f3\u6700\u4f4e\u3002\u53c8\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6a5f\u5236\u4e4b\u4fdd\u969c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u70ba\u5404\u81ea\u4fdd\u969c\u8207\u5171\u540c\u4fdd\u969c\u5169\u9014\u5f91\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u5f37\u8abf\u5169\u5cb8\u96d9\u65b9\u5747\u61c9\u9069\u61c9\u5169\u5cb8\u95dc\u4fc2\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u9032\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e14\u540c\u6642\u4e26\u61c9\u4fee\u8a02\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u9069\u6642\u5c07\u5169\u5cb8\u76f8\u95dc\u5354\u8b70\u6cd5\u5236\u5316\uff1b\u5f8c\u8005\u5247\u5728\u5169\u5cb8\u96d9\u65b9\u5404\u81ea\u52a0\u5f37\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u9593\u7c3d\u8a02\u66f4\u591a\u5354\u8b70\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u70ba\u5169\u5cb8\u5f80\u4f86\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u6709\u529b\u7684\u6cd5\u6cbb\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u5f62\u6210\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c64\u6b21\u4e14\u61c9\u5171\u540c\u9075\u5b88\u4e4b\u898f\u5247\u3002 <\/p>\n
3. \u5206\u6b67\u89e3\u6c7a\u6a5f\u5236\uff1a <\/p>\n
\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u8207\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u5be6\u65bd\u90fd\u662f\u52d5\u614b\u7684\uff0c\u5169\u5cb8\u96d9\u65b9\u5728\u5f80\u4f86\u4e4b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u610f\u898b\u96e3\u514d\u6703\u767c\u751f\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u70ba\u9632\u6b62\u77db\u76fe\u64f4\u5927\uff0c\u4e26\u7dad\u8b77\u5169\u5cb8\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u5957\u5169\u5cb8\u96d9\u65b9\u5747\u8a8d\u53ef\u4e26\u540c\u610f\u5171\u540c\u9075\u5b88\u4e4b\u7d1b\u722d\u89e3\u6c7a\u6a5f\u5236\u4ea6\u70ba\u76f8\u7576\u5fc5\u8981\u4e4b\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5c0d\u6b64\uff0c\u96d9\u65b9\u9996\u5148\u61c9\u5c0a\u91cd\u73fe\u6709\u89e3\u6c7a\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u6b21\u5247\u5728\u63a8\u52d5\u5169\u5cb8\u548c\u5e73\u767c\u5c55\u5236\u5ea6\u5316\u4e4b\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u6e9d\u901a\u3001\u5354\u8abf\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u96d9\u65b9\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5584\u5206\u6b67\u8655\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u9054\u6210\u96d9\u65b9\u8a8d\u53ef\u3001\u4eba\u6c11\u4ea6\u80fd\u63a5\u53d7\u4e4b\u8655\u7406\u539f\u5247\u53ca\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u53c82000 \u5e74\u70ba\u806f\u5408\u570b\u8a02\u5b9a\u7684\u300c\u570b\u969b\u548c\u5e73\u6587\u5316\u5e74\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u591a\u4f4d\u8afe\u8c9d\u723e\u548c\u5e73\u734e\u5f97\u4e3b\u5171\u540c\u8d77\u8349\u7684\u300c2000 \u5e74\u548c\u5e73\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d(Manifesto 2000)\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u52302000 \u5e74\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u4e00\u500b\u5f9e\u6230\u722d\u8207\u66b4\u529b\u6587\u5316\u8f49\u8b8a\u6210\u548c\u5e73\u8207\u975e\u66b4\u529b\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u5168\u9762\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u90fd\u61c9\u8a72\u8ffd\u6c42\uff1a\u300c1.\u5c0a\u91cd\u7f8e\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8207\u5c0a\u56b4\u800c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u6b67\u8996\u6216\u5371\u5bb3\uff1b2.\u884c\u6b62\u5e73\u548c\uff0c\u62d2\u7d55\u4efb\u4f55\u578b\u614b\u7684\u66b4\u529b\uff1a\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u8eab\u9ad4\u7684\u3001\u6027\u7684\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u7684\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u8207\u793e\u6703\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u7279\u5225\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u525d\u524a\u53ca\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u5152\u7ae5\u8207\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\uff1b3.\u4ee5\u6177\u6168\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4f86\u5206\u4eab\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u6642\u9593\u53ca\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4f86\u7d42\u6b62\u6392\u65a5\u3001\u4e0d\u6b63\u7fa9\u53ca\u653f\u6cbb\u8207\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u7684\u58d3\u8feb\uff1b4.\u4fdd\u885b\u8a00\u8ad6\u81ea\u7531\u8207\u6587\u5316\u591a\u5143\u6027\uff0c\u6c38\u9060\u4fdd\u6301\u5c0d\u8a71\u8207\u50be\u807d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9677\u5165\u5c0d\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u72c2\u4fe1\u3001\u8ab9\u8b17\u53ca\u62d2\u7d55\uff1b5.\u63d0\u5021\u8ca0\u8cac\u4efb\u7684\u6d88\u8cbb\u884c\u70ba\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u5c0a\u91cd\u6240\u6709\u578b\u614b\u751f\u547d\u4e26\u4fdd\u5b58\u5730\u7403\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u614b\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\uff1b6.\u4ee5\u5a66\u5973\u53c3\u8207\u53ca\u5c0a\u91cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u539f\u5247\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c0d\u6211\u6240\u5c6c\u7684\u793e\u5340\u767c\u5c55\u505a\u51fa\u8ca2\u737b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u958b\u5275\u65b0\u578b\u614b\u7684\u5718\u7d50\u3002\u300d\uff08\u8a3b36\uff09<\/p>\n
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\u8a3b1\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u521d\u767c\u8868\u65bc2015\u5317\u4eac\u4eba\u6b0a\u8ad6\u58c7\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b2\uff1a1984\u5e7411\u670812\u6708\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u7b2c39\/11\u865f\u6c7a\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b3\uff1a\u838a\u666f\u5347\uff0c\u7576\u4ee3\u4eba\u6b0a\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u5112\u5bb6\u601d\u60f3\u95dc\u806f\u6027\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u570b\u7acb\u653f\u6cbb\u5927\u5b78\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c2006\u5e74\uff0c\u980134-35\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b4\uff1aJack Donnelly\u8457\uff0c\u6c5f\u7d20\u6167\u8b6f\uff0c\u666e\u4e16\u4eba\u6b0a\uff1a\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u8e10\uff0c\u570b\u7acb\u7de8\u8b6f\u9928\u8207\u5de8\u6d41\u5716\u66f8\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u5408\u4f5c\u7ffb\u8b6f\u767c\u884c\uff0c2007\u5e74\uff0c\u980111-12\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b5\uff1a\u5442\u70b3\u5bec\u3001\u694a\u667a\u5091\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8108\u7d61\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u6b0a\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u98018\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u81eaHttp:\/\/web.thu.edu.tw\/lu.bk\/www\/ins\/3.pdf\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8a3b6\uff1a\u67f4\u677e\u6797\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u3001\u4eba\u6b0a\u57fa\u790e\u8207\u4eba\u6b0a\u8b5c\u7cfb\u7684\u64f4\u589e\uff0cT & D\u98db\u8a0a\u7b2c15\u671f\uff0c2003\u5e7411\u670810\u65e5\uff0c\u98017\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b7\uff1a\u5442\u70b3\u5bec\u3001\u694a\u667a\u5091\uff0c\u524d\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u98014\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b8\uff1aJanusz Symonide\u7b49\u8457\uff0c\u694a\u96c5\u5a77\u8b6f\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u8207\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u97cb\u4f2f\u6587\u5316\u570b\u969b\u51fa\u7248\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\uff0c2009\u5e74\uff0c\u9801113\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b9\uff1a\u5442\u70b3\u5bec\u3001\u694a\u667a\u5091\uff0c\u524d\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u98015-6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b10\uff1a\u67f4\u677e\u6797\uff0c\u524d\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u98018\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b11\uff1aJanusz Symonide\u7b49\u8457\uff0c\u694a\u96c5\u5a77\u8b6f\uff0c\u524d\u63ed\u66f8\uff0c\u9801170\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b12\uff1a\u5442\u70b3\u5bec\u3001\u694a\u667a\u5091\uff0c\u524d\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u98017\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b13\uff1a\u67f4\u677e\u6797\uff0c\u524d\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u98018\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b14\uff1a\u9673\u4fca\u5b8f\uff0c\u4eba\u6b0a\u8207\u6c11\u4e3b(I)\uff1a\u4e92\u65a5\u6216\u5171\u751f\uff1f\uff0c\u6771\u5433\u653f\u6cbb\u5b78\u5831\uff0c\u7b2c11\u671f\uff0c\u9801116\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b15\uff1a\u9ec3\u9ed8\u8457\uff0c\u6731\u5955\u5d50\u8b6f\uff0c\u548c\u5e73\u4f5c\u70ba\u4eba\u7684\u4e00\u9805\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u5229\uff0c\u98012\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u81eahttp:\/\/www.scu.edu.tw\/hr\/articles\/mab\/mab_ps_2001_1.doc\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u8a3b17\uff1a\u540c\u8a3b2\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u8a3b20\uff1a\u674e\u660e\u5cfb\uff0c\u524d\u63ed\u6587\uff0c\u9801270-271\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a3b21\uff1a\u540c\u8a3b2\u3002<\/p>\n
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