\u8a8d\u8b58\u300c\u570b\u969b\u7981\u6bd2\u65e5\u300d–\u570b\u969b\u53cd\u6bd2\u6b77\u7a0b\u53ca\u570b\u5167\u53cd\u6bd2\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u7701\u601d
\n\u674e\u6c38\u7136\u5f8b\u5e2b\u3001\u9673\u66c9\u797a\u5f8b\u5e2b
\n\u4e00\u3001\u570b\u969b\u7981\u6bd2\u65e5\u4e4b\u7531\u4f86
\n\u96a8\u8457\u91ab\u85e5\u767c\u9054\u53ca\u4ea4\u901a\u904b\u8f38\u65e5\u8da8\u4fbf\u5229\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u85e5\u7269\u6feb\u7528\u8207\u6bd2\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u4e4b\u72af\u7f6a\u65e5\u76ca\u56b4\u91cd\uff0c\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\u5df2\u6210\u7232\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u707d\u96e3\u3002\u7531\u8ca9\u6bd2\u3001\u5438\u6bd2\u8a98\u767c\u7684\u7aca\u76dc\u3001\u6436\u52ab\u3001\u8a50\u9a19\u3001\u8ce3\u6deb\u548c\u5404\u7a2e\u60e1\u6027\u66b4\u529b\u72af\u7f6a\u56b4\u91cd\u5371\u5bb3\u8457\u8a31\u591a\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\u7684\u6cbb\u5b89\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u79e9\u5e8f\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u5c0d\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u3002\u806f\u5408\u570b\u9042\u65bc1987\u5e746\u670812\u65e5\u81f326\u65e5\uff0c\u5728\u5967\u5730\u5229\u7dad\u4e5f\u7d0d\u53ec\u958b\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u5171\u6709138\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u76843000\u591a\u540d\u4ee3\u8868\u8207\u6703\u3002\u6703\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u611b\u751f\u547d\u3001\u4e0d\u5438\u6bd2\u300d\u7684\u53e3\u865f\uff0c\u4e26\u4e00\u81f4\u540c\u610f\u5c07\u6bcf\u5e746\u670826\u65e5\u8a02\u70ba\u300c\u570b\u969b\u7981\u6bd2\u65e5\u300d\u3002\u540c\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u7b2c42\u5c46\u806f\u5408\u570b\u5927\u6703\u901a\u904e\u6c7a\u8b70\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u5c07\u6bcf\u5e746\u670826\u65e5\u8a02\u70ba\u300c\u53cd\u9ebb\u9189\u54c1\u7684\u6feb\u7528\u548c\u975e\u6cd5\u8ca9\u904b\u570b\u969b\u65e5\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u570b\u969b\u7981\u6bd2\u65e5\u300d\u3002\u81ea1992\u5e74\u8d77\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u570b\u969b\u7981\u6bd2\u65e5\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u53e3\u865f\u30022006\u5e74\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u5373\u70ba\u2500\u300c\u6bd2\u54c1\u4e0d\u662f\u5152\u6232\uff01\u300d (\u8a3b1)<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u6bd2\u54c1\u72af\u7f6a\u70ba\u5168\u7403\u554f\u984c
\n\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6bd2\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\uff0c\u9245\u984d\u7684\u6bd2\u8cc7\u6d41\u52d5\u5df2\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u9593\u63a5\u5730\u5a01\u8105\u570b\u969b\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u904b\u4f5c\u3002\u4f9d\u64da\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7981\u6bd2\u7f722006\u5e74\u4e16\u754c\u6bd2\u54c1\u5831\u544a(World Drug Report 2006)\u7684\u7d71\u8a08\u986f\u793a(\u8a3b2)\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6bcf\u5e74\u6bd2\u54c1\u4ea4\u6613\u984d\u90548000\u81f310000\u5104\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u662f\u50c5\u6b21\u65bc\u8ecd\u706b\u800c\u9ad8\u65bc\u77f3\u6cb9\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u5b97\u8cb7\u8ce3\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5438\u98df\u5404\u7a2e\u6bd2\u54c1\u7684\u4eba\u6578\u9ad8\u90542\u5104\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5168\u740315-64\u6b72\u4eba\u53e3\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u8fd15%\u5728\u904e\u53bb12\u500b\u6708\u5167\u66fe\u5438\u98df\u904e\u6bd2\u54c1(\u5716\u4e00)\u3002\u6bcf\u5e74\u670920\u842c\u4eba\u56e0\u5438\u6bd2\u55aa\u751f\u3002\u6bd2\u54c1\u8513\u5ef6\u7684\u7bc4\u570d\u5df2\u64f4\u5c55\u5230\u4e94\u5927\u6d32\u7684170\u591a\u500b\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u5340\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u51fa\u73fe\u5438\u6bd2\u4eba\u7fa4\u65e5\u76ca\u5e74\u8f15\u5316\u3001\u5973\u6027\u5438\u6bd2\u8005\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u8da8\u52e2(\u8a3b3)\u3002\u6709\u9451\u65bc\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\u5f71\u97ff\u570b\u8a08\u6c11\u751f\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u5927\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u5118\u901f\u52a0\u4ee5\u904f\u6b62\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u570b\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u7d1b\u7d1b\u63a1\u884c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4e4b\u7981\u6bd2\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6771\u5357\u4e9e\u3001\u4e2d\u4e9e\u53ca\u4e2d\u5357\u7f8e\u7b49\u5404\u500b\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\u56b4\u91cd\u4e4b\u570b\u5bb6\u5747\u5728\u5176\u5217\uff1b\u4e2d\u570b\u5927\u9678\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u4ea6\u56b4\u683c\u57f7\u884c\u6bd2\u54c1\u72af\u7f6a\u4e4b\u6383\u8569\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6bd2\u72af\u5747\u8655\u4ee5\u91cd\u5211\u3002
\n\u70ba\u865f\u53ec\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u6c11\u5171\u540c\u5354\u529b\u89e3\u6c7a\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u81ea1961\u5e74\u8d77\u9678\u7e8c\u9080\u96c6\u5404\u570b\u7c3d\u7f72\u4e86\u6578\u500b\u570b\u969b\u516c\u7d04\u30021961\u5e74\u91dd\u5c0d\u55ce\u5561\u3001\u6d77\u6d1b\u56e0\u3001\u5927\u9ebb\u3001\u53e4\u67ef\u2026\u7b49\u9ebb\u9189\u85e5\u54c1\uff0c\u5236\u8a02\u300c\u9ebb\u9189\u85e5\u54c1\u55ae\u4e00\u516c\u7d04\u300d\uff1b1971\u5e74\u70ba\u9632\u5236\u5b89\u975e\u4ed6\u547d\u7b49\u5316\u5b78\u5408\u6210\u7269\u8cea\u4e4b\u65b0\u8208\u6bd2\u54c1\uff0c\u7c3d\u7f72\u300c\u5f71\u97ff\u7cbe\u795e\u7269\u8cea\u516c\u7d04\u300d\uff1b1988\u5e74\u5247\u7c3d\u7f72\u4e86\u300c\u7981\u6b62\u975e\u6cd5\u8ca9\u904b\u9ebb\u9189\u85e5\u54c1\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7269\u8cea\u516c\u7d04\u300d(\u8a3b4)\uff0c\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\u6bd2\u54c1\u8de8\u570b\u4ea4\u6613\u4e4b\u554f\u984c\u30021990\u5e742\u670820\u65e5\u81f323\u65e5\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u7981\u6bd2\u7279\u5225\u806f\u5927\u901a\u904e\u4e86\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5168\u7403\u884c\u52d5\u7db1\u9818\u300d\uff0c\u53c8\u5ba3\u4f48\u5c071991\u5e74\u81f32000\u5e74\u5b9a\u70ba\u300c\u570b\u969b\u7981\u6bd2\u5341\u5e74\u300d\u30021998\u5e746\u67088\u65e5\u81f310\u65e5\uff0c\u806f\u5408\u570b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7981\u6bd2\u7279\u5225\u806f\u5927\u901a\u904e\u7684\u300c\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6e1b\u5c11\u6bd2\u54c1\u9700\u6c42\u6307\u5c0e\u539f\u5247\u5ba3\u8a00\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5728\u8655\u7406\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u52a0\u5f37\u570b\u969b\u5408\u4f5c\u300d\u7b49\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u52a0\u5f37\u570b\u969b\u53f8\u6cd5\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u6bd2\u54c1\u4f9b\u9700\u3001\u93df\u9664\u975e\u6cd5\u6bd2\u54c1\u4f5c\u7269\u7b49\u7981\u6bd2\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u8de8\u570b\u3001\u8de8\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6230\u7565(\u8a3b5)\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6211\u570b\u7981\u6bd2\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u6f14\u9032
\n\u4e2d\u570b\u65e9\u81ea\u6e05\u672b\u5373\u5df2\u6df1\u523b\u9ad4\u8a8d\u6bd2\u54c1\u5c0d\u65bc\u570b\u5bb6\u793e\u6703\u53ca\u570b\u6c11\u8eab\u5fc3\u4e4b\u5371\u5bb3\uff1b1839\u5e746\u67083\u65e5\u6797\u5247\u5f90\u300c\u864e\u9580\u92b7\u7159\u300d\u5373\u70ba\u4e00\u7981\u6bd2\u4e4b\u8457\u4f8b\u3002\u53f0\u7063\u81ea\u65e5\u6cbb\u6642\u671f\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u4fbf\u5df2\u5728\u53f0\u65bd\u884c\u8a31\u591a\u76f8\u95dc\u7981\u6bd2\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u5c07\u6bd2\u54c1\u72af\u7f6a\u5217\u70ba\u91cd\u7f6a\u30021895\u5e747\u6708\u9812\u4f48\u56b4\u7981\u544a\u8aed\uff1a\u300c\u9d09\u7247\u7159\u548c\u5438\u98df\u5668\u5177\u4ea4\u7d66\u8ecd\u4eba\u3001\u8ecd\u5c6c\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u5e1d\u570b\u81e3\u6c11\u5438\u98df\u9d09\u7247\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u63d0\u4f9b\u5438\u98df\u5834\u6240\u8005\u8655\u6b7b\u3002\u300d1897\u5e74\u9812\u5e03\u53f0\u7063\u9d09\u7247\u4ee4\uff0c\u52a0\u5f37\u5c0d\u65bc\u9d09\u7247\u6d41\u901a\u53ca\u5438\u98df\u8005\u4e4b\u7ba1\u5236\u3002\u7531\u516c\u91ab\u9032\u884c\u963f\u7247(\u5373\u9d09\u7247)\u766e\u8005\u7684\u8a8d\u5b9a\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5e9c\u5c08\u8ce3\u5c40\u9d09\u7247\u88fd\u9020\u5de5\u5ee0\u516c\u71df\u5c08\u8ce3\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5546\u4eba\u5fc5\u9808\u53d6\u5f97\u8ca9\u8ce3\u8a31\u53ef\u59cb\u5f97\u8ca9\u8ce3\u9d09\u7247\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u5065\u5eb7\u4e4b\u5438\u98df\u8005\u8a02\u7acb\u7f70\u5247\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u53f0\u65bd\u884c\u4e4b\u7981\u6bd2\u653f\u7b56\u6210\u679c\u6590\u7136\uff1b\u81f31911\u5e74\uff0c\u5438\u98df\u8005\u5df2\u92b3\u6e1b\u81f39,2000\u4eba\uff1b1945\u5e746\u670817\u65e5\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u7e3d\u7763\u5b89\u85e4\u5229\u5409\u5ba3\u4f48\u53f0\u7063\u963f\u7247\u766e\u8005\u6ec5\u7d55(\u8a3b6)\u3002
\n\u6c11\u570b38\u5e74\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u9077\u53f0\u5f8c\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\u4ecd\u76f8\u7576\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u7acb\u5373\u8457\u624b\u7814\u64ec\u7981\u6bd2\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4ee4\u3002\u6c11\u570b43\u5e74\u4fee\u6b63\u65bc\u6c11\u570b18\u5e74\u5236\u5b9a\u4e4b\u300c\u9ebb\u9189\u85e5\u54c1\u7ba1\u7406\u689d\u4f8b\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u5728\u53f0\u516c\u5e03\u65bd\u884c\uff1b\u6c11\u570b44\u5e74\u5236\u5b9a\u300c\u6221\u4e82\u6642\u671f\u8085\u6e05\u7159\u6bd2\u689d\u4f8b\u300d(\u6c11\u570b81\u5e74\u5f8c\u6539\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8085\u6e05\u7159\u6bd2\u689d\u4f8b\u300d)\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u884c\u653f\u3001\u5211\u4e8b\u96d9\u8ecc\u4e26\u884c\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u91ab\u85e5\u79d1\u6280\u53ca\u8ca9\u6bd2\u65b9\u5f0f\u65e5\u65b0\u6708\u7570\uff0c\u65b0\u8208\u6bd2\u54c1\u4e0d\u65b7\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u70ba\u6c42\u8207\u6642\u4e26\u9032\u3001\u5207\u5408\u793e\u6703\u73fe\u6cc1\uff0c\u300c\u8085\u6e05\u7159\u6bd2\u689d\u4f8b\u300d\u65bc\u6c11\u570b87\u5e74\u66f4\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u6bd2\u54c1\u5371\u5bb3\u9632\u6cbb\u689d\u4f8b\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u9ebb\u9189\u85e5\u54c1\u7ba1\u7406\u689d\u4f8b\u300d\u65bc\u6c11\u570b88\u5e74\u4ea6\u5df2\u4fee\u6539\u70ba\u300c\u7ba1\u5236\u85e5\u54c1\u7ba1\u7406\u689d\u4f8b\u300d\uff0c\u5169\u8005\u5747\u5df2\u6b77\u7d93\u591a\u6b21\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u73fe\u6cc1
\n\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u8655\u6771\u5357\u4e9e\u4ea4\u901a\u6a1e\u7d10\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9032\u51fa\u53e3\u8cbf\u6613\u5411\u4f86\u8208\u76db\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u9130\u8fd1\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5927\u6bd2\u54c1\u7522\u5730—\u91d1\u4e09\u89d2(\u6cf0\u7dec\u908a\u5883\u4e00\u5e36)\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u570b\u5167\u8d70\u79c1\u6bd2\u54c1\u4e4b\u60c5\u6cc1\u9817\u70ba\u56b4\u91cd\u3002\u570b\u5167\u7ddd\u7372\u4e4b\u6bd2\u54c1\u6578\u91cf\u9010\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u6bd2\u54c1\u554f\u984c\u6709\u65e5\u76ca\u60e1\u5316\u4e4b\u8da8\u52e2\u3002
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