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\u53f0\u5317\u6d77\u5916\u548c\u5e73\u670d\u52d9\u5718 \u6cf0\u570b\u5de5\u4f5c\u968a
\n2009\u5e74\u7b2c\u56db\u5b63 10\u201412\u6708\u4efd \u5de5\u4f5c\u5831\u544a
\n <\/p>\n
\n\u7531\u65bc\u7dec\u7538\u8ecd\u4e8b\u7368\u88c1\u9ad8\u58d3\u7d71\u6cbb\uff0c\u5883\u5167\u7d93\u6fdf\u505c\u6eef\u6c11\u751f\u4f4e\u843d\uff0c\u5f15\u767c\u5927\u6279\u7dec\u7538\u96e3\u6c11\u8de8\u8d8a\u570b\u754c\u9003\u5165\u6cf0\u570b\u5c0b\u6c42\u751f\u5b58\u5e87\u8b77\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u6d77\u5916\u548c\u5e73\u670d\u52d9\u5718\uff08Taipei Overseas Peace Service, TOPS\uff09\u81ea1996\u5e74\u8d77\u6301\u7e8c\u5728\u6cf0\u7dec\u908a\u5883\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u9032\u884c\u4eba\u9053\u63f4\u52a9\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u70ba\u96e3\u6c11\u5b69\u7ae5\u5275\u9020\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u53ca\u6210\u9577\u74b0\u5883\u3002
\n
\n
\n\u4e00\u3001\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u5b78\u524d\u5152\u7ae5\u767c\u5c55\u8a08\u756b (Early Childhood Development Program-ECD)
\n\u5925\u4f34\u7d44\u7e54\uff1a\u514b\u502b\u5a66\u5973\u6703(Karen Women\u2019s Organization, KWO)
\n\u670d\u52d9\u5730\u9ede\uff1a\u7f8e\u62c9\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u3001\u6c76\u65c1\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u3001\u52aa\u6ce2\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\uff0c\u6cf0\u570b\u9054\u5e9c
\n\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\uff1a4,300\u4f4d\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u5e7c\u5152\u3001240\u4f4d\u5e7c\u6559\u8001\u5e2b\u3001\u5e7c\u5152\u7236\u6bcd\u7b49<\/p>\n
\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u5340<\/p>\n
\u5b78\u7ae5\u4eba\u6578<\/p>\n
\u6559\u5e2b\u4eba\u6578<\/p>\n
\u7763\u5c0e\u4eba\u6578<\/p>\n
\u7f8e\u62c9\u71dfMae La<\/p>\n
2421 <\/p>\n
137 <\/p>\n
10 <\/p>\n
\u6c76\u65c1\u71dfUmpiem<\/p>\n
1044 <\/p>\n
48 <\/p>\n
6 <\/p>\n
\u52aa\u6ce2\u71dfNupo<\/p>\n
831 <\/p>\n
34 <\/p>\n
3 <\/p>\n
\u7e3d\u8a08<\/p>\n
4296<\/p>\n
219<\/p>\n
19
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n(\u8cc7\u6599\u66f4\u65b0\uff1a2009\u5e7412\u6708) <\/p>\n
1. \u8a08\u756b\u7c21\u4ecb
\nTOPS\u5728\u6cf0\u7dec\u908a\u5883\u7684\u4e09\u5ea7\u7dec\u7538\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u5340\uff1a\u7f8e\u62c9\u71df\u3001\u6c76\u65c1\u71df\u3001\u52aa\u6ce2\u71df\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u7d93\u71df41\u6240\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5167\u5bb9\u70ba\u8058\u4efb\u8a13\u7df4240\u540d\u5e7c\u6559\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u8207\u63d0\u4f9b4,300\u540d\u5b78\u9f61\u524d\u5b69\u7ae5\u826f\u597d\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u9577\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u5982\u5e2b\u8cc7\u8a13\u7df4\u3001\u6559\u5e2b\u670d\u52d9\u6d25\u8cbc\u3001\u6587\u5177\u5668\u6750\u3001\u7de8\u8f2f\u51fa\u7248\u6559\u80b2\u520a\u7269\u7b49\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8fa6\u7406\u6bcf\u4f4d\u5b78\u7ae5\u6bcf\u59295\u584a\u9322\u7684\u300c\u71df\u990a\u5348\u9910\u8a08\u756b\u300d\uff0c\u63a8\u52d5\u5b69\u7ae5\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u7167\u8b77\u3002<\/p>\n
\n2. \u670d\u52d9\u5167\u5bb9
\n2.1 \u5354\u52a9\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u548c\u96e3\u6c11\u5e7c\u5152
\nTOPS\u4e3b\u8981\u8207KWO\u5171\u540c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u71df\u5167\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u8a08\u756b\u3002TOPS\u5b9a\u671f\u524d\u5f80\u5404\u71df\u5340\u7763\u5c0e\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u7684\u8fa6\u5b78\u60c5\u6cc1\u3001\u5b78\u7ae5\u51fa\u5e2d\u7387\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u4f9b\u6559\u5e2b\u670d\u52d9\u6d25\u8cbc\u3001\u53ec\u958b\u6559\u5e2b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6703\u8b70\u3001\u767c\u653e\u5b78\u524d\u6559\u80b2\u6708\u520a\uff08\u514b\u502b\u6587\u8207\u7dec\u7538\u6587\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\n2.2 \u89aa\u5b50\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u96e3\u6c11\u793e\u5340\u53c3\u8207<\/p>\n
\u25b2TOPS\u5728\u7f8e\u62c9\u71df\u5167\u7684\u8056\u8a95\u7bc0\u5e2b\u751f\u6176\u795d\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002
\n
\nTOPS\u9664\u65bc\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u8209\u8fa6\u5404\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u5e0c\u671b\u8207\u7576\u5730\u793e\u7fa4\u589e\u52a0\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u9f13\u52f5\u5bb6\u9577\u8207\u6559\u5e2b\u3001\u5b69\u7ae5\u5171\u540c\u53c3\u8207\u5b78\u6821\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u904b\u52d5\u6703\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u5152\u7ae5\u65e5\u6d3b\u52d5\u3001\u8056\u8a95\u7bc0\u6176\u795d\u6d3b\u52d5\u7b49\u3002\u8b6c\u59822009\u5e7411\u6708\uff0cTOPS\u524d\u5f80\u7f8e\u62c9\u71df\u53c3\u52a0\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u806f\u5408\u6176\u795d\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u6d3b\u52d5\u57f9\u990a\u5b69\u7ae5\u4e4b\u81ea\u4fe1\u8207\u4e92\u52d5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cTOPS\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u8207\u71df\u5167\u7763\u5c0e\u65bc12\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u5055\u540c\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u8001\u5e2b\u8207\u5b69\u7ae5\u8209\u8fa6\u6cf0\u7687\u8a95\u8fb0\u4e4b\u6176\u795d\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002
\n
\n2.3 \u589e\u9032\u96e3\u6c11\u81ea\u52a9\u80fd\u529b
\n\u70ba\u4f7f\u96e3\u6c11\u751f\u6d3b\u5f97\u4ee5\u81ea\u7acb\uff0cTOPS\u9664\u63d0\u4f9b\u8a08\u756b\u6027\u670d\u52d9\u5916\uff0c\u4e26\u91dd\u5c0d\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u5167\u7763\u5c0e\u548cKWO\u5a66\u5973\u6703\u6210\u54e1\u9032\u884c\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cTOPS 10\u6708\u4efd\u65bc\u4e09\u5ea7\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\uff0c\u5404\u8209\u884c\u70ba\u671f\u4e09\u5929\u7684\u5e7c\u6559\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\uff0c\u57f9\u8a13\u4e4b\u4e3b\u984c\u70ba\uff1a(1)\u88fd\u4f5c\u8ab2\u7a0b\u6559\u5b78\u9032\u5ea6\u8868; (2)\u5982\u4f55\u8207\u5bb6\u9577\u589e\u9032\u4e92\u52d5; (3)\u8a8d\u8b58\u852c\u83dc\u8207\u6c34\u679c\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u885b\u751f\u8207\u8eab\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7; (4)\u6559\u5b78\u8f14\u52a9\u6559\u6750\u8207\u6559\u5177\u4e4b\u88fd\u4f5c\u8207\u767c\u653e\u3002\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u4ee5\u6559\u6848\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u8ab2\u7a0b\u898f\u5283\u3001\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u6559\u5177\u88fd\u4f5c\u7b49\u70ba\u5e2b\u8a13\u4e3b\u984c\u3002
\n
\n2.4 \u8de8\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u5354\u529b\u5408\u4f5c
\n\u5728\u9577\u671f\u63a8\u52d5\u670d\u52d9\u8a08\u756b\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cTOPS\u8207\u8a31\u591a\u5728\u5730\u5718\u9ad4\u548c\u570b\u969b\u7d44\u7e54\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u5925\u4f34\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u5718\u9ad4\u6709\uff1a\u514b\u502b\u5a66\u5973\u6703KWO\u3001\u5a66\u5973\u767c\u5c55\u7d44\u7e54WEAVE\u3001\u7dec\u7538\u79fb\u5de5\u5b50\u5973\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u54e1\u6703BMWEC\u3001\u5b78\u6821\u5065\u5eb7\u5718\u968aSHT\u3001\u7532\u826f\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9580KED\uff1b\u570b\u969b\u7d44\u7e54\u6709\uff1a\u65e5\u672c\u7d44\u7e54SVA\u3001\u7f8e\u570b\u4e16\u754c\u6559\u80b2\u7d44\u7e54WE\u3001\u8377\u862d\u96e3\u6c11\u670d\u52d9\u7d44\u7e54ZOA\u3001\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u570b\u969b\u7d44\u7e54Right to Play- RTP\u7b49\uff1bTOPS\u8207\u5404\u7d44\u7e54\u5171\u540c\u5354\u8abf\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u57f7\u884c\u5404\u9805\u95dc\u65bc\u885b\u751f\u3001\u5e7c\u6559\u7b49\u670d\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cTOPS\u99d0\u6cf0\u9818\u968a\u4e26\u5b9a\u671f\u524d\u5f80\u66fc\u8c37\u53c3\u52a0\u806f\u5408\u570b\u96e3\u6c11\u7f72\u8207\u570b\u969b\u63f4\u52a9\u7d44\u7e54\u6240\u53ec\u958b\u4e4b\u96e3\u6c11\u670d\u52d9\u4e8b\u52d9\u5354\u8abf\u5de5\u4f5c\u6703\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n
\n2.5 \u8fa6\u7406\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u514d\u8cbb\u71df\u990a\u5348\u9910<\/p>\n
\u25b2TOPS\u5c07\u5e7c\u5152\u71df\u990a\u5348\u9910\u75313\u584a\u8abf\u6574\u70ba5\u584a\uff0c\u5e74\u5ea6\u652f\u51fa\u56e0\u6b64\u589e\u52a0160\u842c\u5143\u3002
\n\u7531\u65bc\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u5167\u7684\u98df\u7ce7\u63a1\u88dc\u7d66\u5236\uff0c\u4e14\u767c\u653e\u4e4b\u98df\u7269\u50c5\u6709\u7c73\u3001\u9e7d\u3001\u6cb9\u7b49\u4e7e\u8ca8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u65b0\u9bae\u852c\u83dc\u3001\u6c34\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8089\u985e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cTOPS\u65bc\u4e09\u5ea7\u96e3\u6c11\u71df41\u6240\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u5167\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b4300\u4f4d3\uff0d5\u6b72\u5b69\u7ae5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4eba\u6bcf\u99105\u6cf0\u9296\u7684\u71df\u990a\u5348\u9910\u88dc\u52a9\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u63a1\u8cb7\u65b0\u9bae\u852c\u83dc\u3001\u96de\u86cb\u3001\u8089\u985e\u7b49\uff0c\u78ba\u4fdd\u5b78\u7ae5\u5728\u4e00\u5929\u4e2d\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u65bc\u5348\u9910\u651d\u53d6\u5fc5\u9700\u4e14\u5747\u8861\u7684\u71df\u990a\u3002
\n\u7531\u65bc\u570b\u969b\u7ce7\u50f9\u9ad8\u6f32\uff0c\u539f\u672cTOPS\u904e\u53bb\u6578\u5e74\u6240\u88dc\u52a9\u4e4b\u6bcf\u4eba3\u6cf0\u9296\uff0c\u65e9\u5df2\u7121\u6cd5\u8cfc\u8cb7\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u98df\u7269\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5c07\u5348\u9910\u88dc\u52a9\u63d0\u5347\u81f35\u6cf0\u9296\uff0c\u9020\u6210TOPS\u65bc2009\u5e74\u51fa\u73fe\u9f90\u5927\u8cc7\u91d1\u7f3a\u53e3\uff0c\u4f46\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u5b69\u5b50\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u5403\u5f97\u98fd\uff0cTOPS\u4ecd\u5805\u6301\u6bcf\u4eba5\u6cf0\u9296\u7684\u88dc\u52a9\u984d\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e0c\u671b\u53f0\u7063\u5404\u754c\u80fd\u5920\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7d66\u6211\u5011\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u96e3\u6c11\u5e7c\u5152\u7372\u5f97\u8db3\u5920\u7684\u6210\u9577\u990a\u5206\u3002
\n <\/p>\n
3. \u56f0\u96e3\u8207\u6311\u6230
\n\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u5404\u9805\u6c11\u751f\u7528\u54c1\u548c\u7ce7\u98df\u539f\u6599\u50f9\u683c\u7686\u4e0d\u65b7\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5168\u7403\u7d93\u6fdf\u8870\u9000\u53ca\u5404\u5730\u91cd\u5927\u707d\u96e3\uff0c\u5982\u53f0\u7063\u300c\u516b\u516b\u98a8\u707d\u300d\u8207\u6d77\u5730\u5f37\u9707\u7b49\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u793e\u798f\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u52df\u6b3e\u6392\u64e0\u6548\u61c9\u3002TOPS\u63d0\u4f9b\u9577\u671f\u624e\u6839\u7684\u8a08\u756b\u6027\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u8a08\u756b\u958b\u92b7\u4f54\u64da\u4e86\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u904b\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a240\u4f4d\u71df\u5167\u7763\u5c0e\u548c\u5e7c\u6559\u8001\u5e2b\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u6d25\u8cbc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca4300\u4f4d\u5b69\u7ae5\u6bcf\u5929\u71df\u990a\u5348\u9910\u7684\u88dc\u52a9\u7b49\uff0c\u9f90\u5927\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u63f4\u52a9\u7d93\u8cbb\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85TOPS\u7e7c\u7e8c\u722d\u53d6\u4e26\u52df\u96c6\u3002<\/p>\n
\n4. \u7763\u5c0e\u8a55\u4f30\u548c\u672a\u4f86\u5de5\u4f5c
\nTOPS\u65bc\u5404\u96e3\u6c11\u71df\u5340\u8058\u8acb\u8a13\u7df4\u6559\u80b2\u7763\u5c0e\uff0c\u5b9a\u671f\u524d\u5f80\u5404\u5e7c\u5152\u5712\u5de1\u8996\u5354\u52a9\uff0c\u4e26\u5b9a\u671f\u53ec\u958b\u7763\u5c0e\u6708\u6703\u3001\u6559\u5e2b\u5de5\u4f5c\u6703\u8b70\u3001\u5bb6\u9577\u6703\u8b70\u7b49\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e3b\u52d5\u524d\u5f80\u793e\u5340\u548c\u5bb6\u9577\u5011\u8a0e\u8ad6\u89aa\u5b50\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5152\u7ae5\u767c\u5c55\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0cTOPS\u6cf0\u570b\u5de5\u4f5c\u968a\u540c\u4ec1\u4f9d\u7167\u5de5\u4f5c\u624b\u518a\u548c\u670d\u52d9\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u7763\u5c0e\u548c\u7d00\u9304\u5404\u9805\u670d\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u9032\u5ea6\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u5718\u968a\u5408\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u5171\u540c\u5c0b\u6c42\u63d0\u5347\u670d\u52d9\u54c1\u8cea\u3002
\nTOPS\u672a\u4f86\u5c07\u6301\u7e8c\u63a8\u52d5\u5152\u7ae5\u6b0a\u76ca\u548c\u4fdd\u8b77\u5b69\u7ae5\u7b49\u793e\u5340\u89c0\u5ff5\uff0c\u4e26\u589e\u9032\u89aa\u5b50\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u5bb6\u9577\u53c3\u8207\uff0c\u5c07\u85c9\u7531\u53c3\u8003\u624b\u518a\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u5ba3\u5c0e\u6d77\u5831\u4e4b\u88fd\u4f5c\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\u3002\u540c\u6642\uff0cTOPS\u5c07\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5145\u5be6\u66f4\u65b0\u514b\u502b\u8a9e\u548c\u7dec\u7538\u8a9e\u7684\u300c\u7dda\u4e0a\u5b78\u524d\u6559\u80b2\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u7db2\u7ad9\u300d(http:\/\/www.karenwomen.org\/news_ecd.html)\uff0c\u6b64\u7db2\u7ad9\u7531TOPS\u5354\u52a9KWO\u514b\u502b\u5a66\u5973\u6703\u5efa\u7f6e\u7dad\u8b77\u3002
\n
\n
\n\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u52a9\u5b78\u65b9\u6848 (Migrant Children Development Project-MCD)
\n\u5925\u4f34\u7d44\u7e54\uff1a\u7dec\u7538\u79fb\u5de5\u5b50\u5973\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u54e1\u6703BMWEC
\n\u670d\u52d9\u5730\u9ede\uff1a\u7f8e\u7d22\u7e23\u3001\u6ce2\u556a\u7e23\u3001\u7f8e\u62c9\u746a\u7e23\uff0c\u6cf0\u570b\u9054\u5e9c
\n\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\uff1a1200\u4f4d\u7dec\u7538\u5b69\u7ae5\u300115\u6240\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u548c\u79fb\u5de5\u793e\u5340
\n
\n1. \u8a08\u756b\u7c21\u4ecb
\n\u7dec\u7538\u8ecd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5c08\u5236\u7368\u88c1\u9020\u6210\u570b\u5167\u7d93\u6fdf\u6301\u7e8c\u5012\u9000\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u5c0d\u5916\u9396\u570b\u5c01\u9589\uff0c\u6c11\u9593\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5404\u9805\u6c11\u751f\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002\u8d85\u904e200\u842c\u7dec\u7538\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u9077\u79fb\u81f3\u6cf0\u570b\u6210\u70ba\u5ec9\u50f9\u52de\u5de5\u6216\u975e\u6cd5\u5916\u52de\uff0c\u6c42\u53d6\u4e00\u4efd\u6eab\u98fd\uff0c\u9019\u7576\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6578\u5341\u842c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8eab\u4efd\u53ca\u57fa\u672c\u6b0a\u76ca\u4fdd\u969c\u7684\u5b78\u9f61\u5152\u7ae5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cTOPS\u81f4\u529b\u63a8\u52d5\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u5728\u5730\u5718\u9ad4\u7d93\u71df15\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d85\u904e1,200\u4f4d\u7dec\u7538\u5b69\u7ae5\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u5efa\u7bc9\u6539\u5584\u3001\u5e2b\u8cc7\u8a13\u7df4\u3001\u6587\u5177\u7528\u54c1\u3001\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13\u548c\u6d25\u8cbc\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b78\u7ae5\u5348\u9910\u6240\u9700\u7c73\u7ce7\u7b49\uff1b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dec\u7538\u5b69\u5b50\u5011\u4e00\u500b\u5b89\u5168\u7121\u865e\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u9577\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u5011\u4e0d\u518d\u9762\u81e8\u4eba\u53e3\u8ca9\u5b50\u7684\u5a01\u8105\u3002
\n
\n2. \u670d\u52d9\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a
\n2.1\u8d0a\u52a9\u5b78\u6821\u71df\u990a\u5348\u9910
\n\u7dec\u7538\u79fb\u5de5\u7236\u6bcd\u591a\u70ba\u5ec9\u50f9\u52de\u5de5\u6216\u975e\u6cd5\u5916\u52de\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e8b\u81e8\u6642\u6027\u52de\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\u4e26\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u7121\u6cd5\u8ca0\u64d4\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u6c42\u5b78\u8cbb\u7528\uff0c\u9023\u4e09\u9910\u98df\u7269\u90fd\u5f97\u4f86\u4e0d\u6613\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u56db\u80a2\u904e\u7626\uff0c\u71df\u990a\u4e0d\u826f\u7684\u7dec\u7538\u5b69\u7ae5\u96a8\u8655\u53ef\u898b\u3002
\n\u70ba\u4e86\u4f7f\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u4e00\u5929\u81f3\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u9813\u8f03\u5747\u8861\u7684\u98df\u7269\uff0cTOPS\u9664\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b78\u6821\u9910\u5177\u3001\u5eda\u5177\u53ca\u7d93\u8cbb\u5916\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u6708\u8d08\u9001\u7e3d\u8a08\u7d044000\u516c\u65a4\u767d\u7c73\u7d66\u5404\u6821\uff0c\u4e26\u5354\u52a9\u5b78\u6821\u5229\u7528\u6821\u5712\u7a7a\u5730\uff0c\u7a2e\u690d\u852c\u83dc\u4ee5\u88dc\u5145\u98df\u6750\u4f86\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u6821\u7684\u6c34\u6e90\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u9650\u5236\u4f7f\u6b64\u670d\u52d9\u63a8\u5c55\u4e0d\u6613\u3002
\n
\n2.2 \u88dc\u52a9\u6559\u5e2b\u6d25\u8cbc
\n\u7531\u65bc\u7dec\u7538\u79fb\u5de5\u5bb6\u5ead\u666e\u904d\u8ca7\u56f0\u4e26\u4e14\u5165\u4e0d\u6577\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5404\u6821\u5927\u591a\u63d0\u4f9b\u514d\u8cbb\u4e4b\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u4f46\u5b78\u6821\u8cc7\u6e90\u7372\u5f97\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e38\u4f7f\u8af8\u591a\u6559\u5e2b\u7121\u6cd5\u56fa\u5b9a\u7372\u5f97\u6559\u5e2b\u6d25\u8cbc\u3002\u70ba\u4f7f\u79fb\u5de5\u6559\u5e2b\u5f97\u4ee5\u6301\u7e8c\u6295\u5165\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0cTOPS\u8d0a\u52a9\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u6821\u6559\u5e2b\u3001\u5348\u9910\u70f9\u716e\u4eba\u54e1\u3001\u793e\u5340\u5718\u9ad4\u8077\u54e1\u517117\u4eba\u4e4b\u670d\u52d9\u6d25\u8cbc\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5404\u9805\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u80fd\u5920\u9806\u5229\u63a8\u5c55\u3002
\n
\n2.3 \u6539\u5584\u751f\u6d3b\u7528\u6c34\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6559\u5b78\u7528\u96fb
\n\u8a31\u591a\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u4f4d\u65bc\u9109\u9593\u7530\u91ce\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e7e\u6de8\u6c34\u6e90\u548c\u6559\u5b78\u7528\u96fb\u7b49\u57fa\u790e\u8a2d\u65bd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64TOPS\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u5fd7\u5de5\u5718\u968aAqucous Solutions\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\u7530\u91ce\u8a55\u4f30\uff0c\u8208\u5efa\u7c21\u6613\u5f0f\u6ffe\u6c34\u7cfb\u7d71\u53ca\u5c0f\u578b\u592a\u967d\u80fd\u767c\u96fb\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u5404\u6821\u666e\u904d\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e7e\u6de8\u7528\u6c34\u548c\u96fb\u529b\u4f86\u6e90\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n
\u25b2TOPS\u6559\u5e2b\u5411\u5152\u7ae5\u9032\u884c\u885b\u751f\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6559\u5c0e\u6b63\u78ba\u5237\u7259\u7fd2\u6163\u3002
\n
\n
\n\u540c\u6642\uff0cTOPS\u6d3e\u9063\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u548c\u516c\u52d9\u8eca\u8f1b\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u7576\u5730\u96e3\u6c11\u91ab\u9662\u300c\u6885\u9053\u8a3a\u6240\uff08Mae Tao Clinic\uff09\u300d\u7684\u300c\u5b78\u6821\u885b\u6559\u968a\u300d\u63a8\u52d5\u670d\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5de1\u8ff4\u5728\u908a\u5883\u5730\u5340\u7684\u5404\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u77ad\u89e3\u5404\u6821\u98f2\u6c34\u548c\u7528\u6c34\u60c5\u6cc1\uff0c\u63a8\u884c\u5b78\u7ae5\u6d17\u624b\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u6e05\u6f54\u7684\u885b\u751f\u6559\u80b2\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u9084\u70ba\u5b69\u5b50\u9032\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u8eab\u9ad4\u5065\u5eb7\u6aa2\u67e5\u3002 <\/p>\n
\n2.4 \u8de8\u7d44\u7e54\u5354\u529b\u5408\u4f5c
\nTOPS\u53c3\u52a0\u300c\u7dec\u7538\u79fb\u5de5\u5b50\u5973\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u54e1\u6703(BMWEC)\u300d\u8209\u8fa6\u4e4b\u7dec\u7538\u5b69\u7ae5\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52d9\u5354\u8abf\u5de5\u4f5c\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u7d93\u9a57\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5206\u4eab\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u5347\u908a\u5883\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u8fa6\u5b78\u54c1\u8cea\u3002TOPS\u4e26\u5354\u52a9\u5728\u5730\u5925\u4f34\u7d44\u7e54BMWEC\u6539\u5584\u5404\u6821\u4e4b\u6559\u5b78\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u54c1\u8cea\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e26\u5354\u52a9BMWEC\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u7dad\u8b77\u8207\u66f4\u65b0\u8a72\u7d44\u7e54\u7db2\u7ad9(http:\/\/www.bmwec.org)\u3002
\nTOPS\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u4e26\u53d7\u9080\u53c3\u8207\u7f8e\u570b\u6a5f\u69cbInternational Rescue Committee (IRC)\u65bc\u7f8e\u7d22\u6240\u53ec\u958b\u4e4b\u5354\u8abf\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0d\u5982\u4f55\u6539\u5584\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u4e4b\u74b0\u5883\u885b\u751f\u8207\u5b78\u7ae5\u4fdd\u5065\u7b49\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u610f\u898b\u4ea4\u63db\uff0c\u4e26\u898f\u5283\u670d\u52d9\u5408\u4f5c\u4e4b\u7db2\u7d61\u3002<\/p>\n
\n2.5 \u5e7c\u6559\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13<\/p>\n
\u25b2TOPS\u8209\u8fa6\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u6559\u5e2b\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u3002
\nTOPS\u65bc10\u6708\u4efd\u5055\u540c\u300c\u7dec\u7538\u79fb\u5de5\u5b50\u5973\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u300d\u8209\u8fa6\u70ba\u671f\u4e09\u5929\u4e4b\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u5e7c\u6559\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u4f86\u81ea\u6cf0\u7dec\u908a\u5883\u5730\u534050\u6240\u79fb\u5de5\u5b50\u5973\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u5171\u8a0872\u540d\u5e7c\u6559\u8001\u5e2b\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e26\u6709\u4f86\u81ea\u7dec\u7538\u5883\u5167\u4e4b\u5e7c\u6559\u8001\u5e2b\u524d\u4f86\u63a5\u53d7\u57f9\u8a13\u3002
\n\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u4ee5\u6559\u6848\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u8ab2\u7a0b\u898f\u5283\u3001\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u5de7\u548c\u6559\u5177\u88fd\u4f5c\u7b49\u70ba\u5e2b\u8a13\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4ee5\u5206\u7d44\u5408\u4f5c\u8207\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e4b\u65b9\u5f0f\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u642d\u914d\u60c5\u72c0\u5287\u8868\u6f14\u3001\u6a21\u64ec\u8a66\u6559\u3001\u96c6\u9ad4\u904a\u6232\u8207\u5275\u4f5c\u7b49\u6d3b\u52d5\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u4e3b\u984c\u4e4b\u7a7f\u63d2\u642d\u914d\u6975\u70ba\u8c50\u5bcc\u3002<\/p>\n
\n3. \u56f0\u5883\u8207\u672a\u4f86\u5de5\u4f5c
\nTOPS\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u52a9\u5b78\u65b9\u6848MCD\uff0c\u81ea2005\u8d77\u591a\u5e74\u4f86\u6301\u7e8c\u63a8\u5c55\uff0c\u670d\u52d9\u6cf0\u7dec\u908a\u5883\u5730\u5340\u6700\u70ba\u5f31\u52e2\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5e95\u5c64\uff0c\u5df2\u5728\u7dec\u7538\u7576\u5730\u793e\u5340\u5167\u7372\u5f97\u826f\u597d\u4e4b\u6210\u6548\u8207\u80af\u5b9a\uff1b\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7919\u65bc\u52df\u6b3e\u8d8a\u5f62\u4e0d\u6613\uff0cMCD\u65b9\u6848\u5df2\u65bc2009\u5e7411\u6708\u4efd\u8d77\u66ab\u6642\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u8cc7\u52a9\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u4e4b\u6bcf\u6708\u6559\u5e2b\u6d25\u8cbc\u3001\u6587\u5177\u7528\u54c1\u3001\u5b78\u6821\u71df\u990a\u5348\u9910\u7b49\u670d\u52d9\u4e5f\u66ab\u505c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002
\n\u96d6\u4e0a\u8ff0\u670d\u52d9\u9805\u76ee\u7686\u5df2\u66ab\u505c\uff0c\u4f46TOPS\u5c0d\u65bc\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u7684\u95dc\u61f7\u4e0d\u6703\u56e0\u6b64\u4e2d\u6b62\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u7dad\u6301\u6bcf\u5e74\u5169\u6b21\u4e4b\u5e7c\u6559\u5e2b\u8cc7\u57f9\u8a13\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u4e4b\u5c0f\u984d\u7dca\u6025\u6551\u52a9\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u52aa\u529b\u5c0b\u6c42\u66f4\u591a\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u8996\u672a\u4f86\u52df\u6b3e\u60c5\u6cc1\u7e7c\u7e8c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7dec\u7538\u8ca7\u7ae5\u5b78\u6821\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u8207\u670d\u52d9\u3002
\n
\n
\n
\n\u6cf0\u9109\u6751\u767c\u5c55\u8a08\u756b (Thai Community Development Program-TCD)
\n\u5925\u4f34\u7d44\u7e54\uff1a\u9054\u5e9c\u908a\u5883\u5152\u7ae5\u5354\u52a9\u6703TBCAF
\n\u670d\u52d9\u5730\u9ede\uff1a\u8e0f\u677e\u694a\u7e23\u3001\u7f8e\u7d22\u7e23\u3001\u7f8e\u62c9\u746a\u7e23\uff0c\u6cf0\u570b\u9054\u5e9c
\n\u670d\u52d9\u5c0d\u8c61\uff1a600\u4f4d\u514b\u502b\u65cf\u5b69\u7ae5\u300110\u6240\u90e8\u843d\u5c0f\u5b78\u30013\u9593\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5bbf\u820d
\n
\n1. \u8a08\u756b\u7c21\u4ecb
\n\u6cf0\u7dec\u908a\u5883\u504f\u9060\u5c71\u5340\uff0c\u4e16\u5c45\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u514b\u502b\uff08Karen\uff09\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a2e\u690d\u65f1\u7a3b\u548c\u63a1\u96c6\u6f01\u7375\u7dad\u751f\uff1b\u7136\u800c\u7531\u65bc\u8015\u5730\u6e1b\u5c11\u3001\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\u3001\u8cc7\u6e90\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f7f\u9019\u4e9b\u514b\u502b\u90e8\u843d\u9762\u81e8\u56b4\u5cfb\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4f4d\u8655\u504f\u9060\u4ee5\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u7f3a\u4e4f\u57fa\u672c\u8a2d\u65bd\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u91ab\u7642\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52d9\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cTOPS\u7d50\u5408\u5728\u5730\u90e8\u843d\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u57f9\u8a13\u514b\u502b\u65cf\u9752\u5e74\u64d4\u4efb\u90e8\u843d\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u90e8\u843d\u5c0f\u5b78\u7684\u7d93\u71df\uff0c\u4e26\u734e\u52a9\u90e8\u843d\u9752\u5e74\u63a5\u53d7\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u57f9\u990a\u793e\u7fa4\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u7d2f\u7a4d\u5728\u5730\u90e8\u843d\u80fd\u91cf\u3002
\n
\n2. \u670d\u52d9\u5167\u5bb9
\n2.1 \u8058\u4efb\u57f9\u8a13\u90e8\u843d\u6559\u5e2b\u3001\u5354\u52a9\u90e8\u843d\u5c0f\u5b78<\/p>\n
\u25b2TOPS\u6bcf\u5e74\u63d0\u4f9b600\u540d\u90e8\u843d\u5152\u7ae5\u8b80\u66f8\u4e0a\u5b78\u3002
\nTOPS\u81ea1997\u5e74\u8d77\u9577\u671f\u8207\u6cf0\u570b\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u9580\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u504f\u9060\u5c71\u5730\u8e0f\u677e\u694a\u7e23\u8a2d\u7acb\u90e8\u843d\u5c0f\u5b78\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u6cf0\u570b\u6b63\u5f0f\u6559\u5e2b\u5e38\u7121\u6cd5\u9069\u61c9\u5c71\u5340\u90e8\u843d\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4e14\u8a9e\u8a00\u6e9d\u901a\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64TOPS\u4ee5\u57f9\u8a13\u8058\u4efb\u7576\u5730\u90e8\u843d\u9752\u5e74\u64d4\u4efb\u90e8\u843d\u5b78\u6821\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u504f\u9060\u90e8\u843d\u5e2b\u8cc7\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u7576\u5730\u4eba\u58eb\u6559\u80b2\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u70ba\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u6b64\u8a08\u756b\u6bcf\u5e74\u7d04\u5354\u52a9600\u540d\u514b\u502b\u90e8\u843d\u5b69\u7ae5\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u88dc\u52a9\u5668\u6750\u8a2d\u5099\u548c\u6587\u5177\u7528\u54c1\uff0c\u4f9d\u5faa\u516c\u90e8\u9580\u6559\u80b2\u9ad4\u7cfb\u7684\u898f\u5283\u548c\u57f7\u884c\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b78\u524d\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u8b58\u5b57\u7b97\u6578\u80fd\u529b\u8207\u6bcd\u8a9e\u6559\u5b78\u70ba\u6559\u5b78\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u8b93\u66f4\u591a\u5c71\u5340\u5c11\u6578\u6c11\u65cf\u5f97\u5230\u57fa\u790e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\u3002
\n\u6cf0\u570b\u4e7e\u5b63\u671f\u9593\u5c71\u5340\u8def\u6cc1\u826f\u597d\uff0cTOPS\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u5de1\u8ff4\u5c71\u5340\u5404\u5206\u6821\uff0c\u4e26\u5354\u52a9\u5b78\u6821\u53ca\u6559\u5e2b\u7dad\u8b77\u6559\u5b78\u74b0\u5883\u8207\u54c1\u8cea\uff1bTOPS\u66f4\u65bc10\u6708\u5e95\u5b78\u6821\u958b\u5b78\u524d\u8209\u8fa6\u5e74\u5ea6\u6559\u5e2b\u6703\u8b70\uff0c\u77ad\u89e3\u5404\u6821\u72c0\u6cc1\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u5e2b\u4e4b\u6559\u5b78\u610f\u9858\u8207\u6559\u5b78\u56f0\u96e3\uff0c\u4e26\u9f13\u52f5\u6559\u5e2b\u6301\u7e8c\u6559\u6388\u9109\u571f\u6559\u6848\uff0c\u6703\u5f8c\u4e26\u5206\u767c\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u5177\u7528\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n
2.2 \u63a8\u5c55\u5728\u5730\u9109\u571f\u6559\u6848
\nTOPS\u6301\u7e8c\u5354\u540c\u90e8\u843d\u6559\u5e2b\u8a2d\u8a08\u9109\u571f\u6559\u6848\uff0c\u4ee5\u7e6a\u88fd\u90e8\u843d\u751f\u6d3b\u5730\u5716\u3001\u8a8d\u8b58\u9031\u906d\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u63a8\u5c55\u6210\u6548\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\u66f4\u70ba\u751f\u52d5\u6709\u8da3\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u57f9\u990a\u5b78\u7ae5\u5011\u4e3b\u52d5\u89c0\u5bdf\u3001\u5718\u9ad4\u8a0e\u8ad6\u3001\u767c\u8868\u610f\u898b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002TOPS\u65bc11\u6708\u4efd\u8996\u5bdf\u5c71\u5340\u5206\u6821Layko\u3001Mor Ti Ta\u548cMor Kler Kee\u7b49\u4e09\u6240\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u4e26\u95dc\u5fc3\u6559\u5e2b\u6559\u6388\u9109\u571f\u6559\u6750\u4e4b\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002
\n
\n2.3 \u8fa6\u7406\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u734e\u52a9\u5b78\u751f\u5bbf\u820d
\n\u6cf0\u570b\u504f\u9060\u5c71\u5340\u90e8\u843d\u666e\u904d\u5bb6\u5883\u6e05\u5bd2\uff0c\u5b69\u7ae5\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5c0f\u5b78\u6559\u80b2\u5f8c\uff0c\u5bb6\u9577\u7121\u6cd5\u8ca0\u64d4\u5b50\u5973\u81f3\u5916\u5730\u5538\u66f8\u8cbb\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u7121\u6cd5\u5b8c\u6210\u5b69\u5b50\u8b80\u66f8\u5c31\u5b78\u7684\u5fc3\u9858\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cTOPS\u57f7\u884c\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u734e\u52a9\u5bbf\u820d\u8a08\u756b\uff0c\u8d0a\u52a9\u4e09\u9593\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5b78\u751f\u5bbf\u820d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b78\u8cbb\u88dc\u52a9\u3001\u6587\u5177\u7528\u54c1\u3001\u98df\u7269\u4f4f\u5bbf\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u8f14\u5c0e\u7b49\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u6210\u7e3e\u512a\u79c0\u7684\u90e8\u843d\u9752\u5e74\u96e2\u958b\u5bb6\u9109\uff0c\u642c\u9032\u5c71\u4e0b\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5bbf\u820d\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u5f97\u4ee5\u5c31\u8b80\u65bc\u570b\u4e2d\u3001\u9ad8\u4e2d\u3001\u9ad8\u8077\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u751f\u66f4\u80fd\u5920\u7e7c\u7e8c\u5728\u5927\u5b78\u6df1\u9020\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5404\u5bbf\u820d\u5340\u7686\u8058\u6709\u751f\u6d3b\u7763\u5c0e\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u5b78\u751f\u751f\u6d3b\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u5b78\u751f\u5206\u5de5\u6e96\u5099\u9910\u98df\u3001\u8f2a\u503c\u6574\u7406\u5bbf\u820d\u5167\u5916\uff0c\u4e26\u7a2e\u690d\u852c\u83dc\u548c\u5354\u52a9\u793e\u5340\u6d3b\u52d5\u3002\u7e3d\u8a08\u734e\u52a9\u5b78\u751f\u517177\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n
\n2.4 \u5354\u52a9\u793e\u5340\u767c\u5c55\u65b9\u6848<\/p>\n
\u25b2\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u5bbf\u820d\u5b78\u751f\u6539\u9020\u81ea\u884c\u8eca\uff0c\u67b6\u8a2d\u62bd\u6c34\u5e6b\u6d66\u704c\u6e89\u83dc\u5712\u3002
\nTOPS\u5354\u52a9\u5728\u5730\u5718\u9ad4\u300c\u9054\u5e9c\u908a\u5883\u5152\u7ae5\u5354\u52a9\u6703\uff08TBCAF\uff09\u300d\u67b6\u8a2d\u5bb6\u6236\u5f0f\u592a\u967d\u80fd\u767c\u96fb\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bbf\u820d\u7167\u660e\u96fb\u529b\u6240\u9700\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u5354\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u9752\u5e74\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e4b\u7c21\u6613\u5f0f\u751f\u614b\u6c60\u6c61\u6c34\u8655\u7406\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u5c07\u751f\u6d3b\u5ee2\u6c34\u6536\u96c6\u5f8c\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u7c21\u6613\u904e\u6ffe\u88dd\u7f6e\u6392\u5165\u5c0f\u578b\u6c34\u8349\u990a\u6b96\u751f\u614b\u6c60\u5340\uff0c\u4e26\u5229\u7528\u8e0f\u8e29\u81ea\u884c\u8eca\u4e4b\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u67b6\u8a2d\u7c21\u6613\u5f0f\u62bd\u6c34\u5e6b\u6d66\uff0c\u7528\u65bc\u62bd\u6c34\u704c\u6e89\u83dc\u5712\uff1b\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7c21\u6613\u5f0f\u592a\u967d\u80fd\u52a0\u71b1\u69fd\u53ef\u7372\u5f97\u7d0470\u5ea6C\u4e4b\u71b1\u6c34\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u70f9\u716e\u98df\u7269\u4e4b\u7528\uff0c\u7d50\u5408\u74b0\u4fdd\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u9752\u5e74\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e0d\u50c5\u7bc0\u7701\u80fd\u6e90\u66f4\u53ef\u505a\u70ba\u7576\u5730\u793a\u7bc4\u793e\u5340\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
\n
\n 3.\u56f0\u96e3\u8207\u6311\u6230
\n\u9109\u571f\u6559\u6848\u7684\u63a8\u5ee3\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u90e8\u843d\u6559\u5e2b\u4ecd\u6b20\u7f3a\u8db3\u5920\u7d93\u9a57\u53ca\u6559\u6388\u6642\u4e4b\u4fe1\u5fc3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6c7a\u5b9a\u6bcf\u6708\u9032\u884c\u5167\u90e8\u8a13\u7df4\u7814\u7fd2\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u6559\u6848\u64cd\u4f5c\u80fd\u529b\uff1b\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u5c71\u5340\u6c34\u6e90\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u5c0f\u578b\u6c34\u529b\u767c\u96fb\u88dd\u7f6e\u8f03\u6613\u767c\u751f\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u7531\u65bcTOPS\u540c\u4ec1\u6bcf\u6b21\u5f80\u8fd4\u504f\u9060\u5730\u5340\u8cbb\u6642\u8cbb\u529b\uff0c\u5df2\u8457\u624b\u63d0\u5347\u7576\u5730\u6280\u8853\u4eba\u54e1\u7dad\u8b77\u4fee\u7406\u4e4b\u80fd\u529b\u3002
\nTOPS\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u65bc12\u6708\u8a2a\u8996\u90e8\u843d\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u6821\u5df2\u7372\u5f97\u7d93\u8cbb\u642d\u5efa\u5b78\u751f\u9910\u5ef3\uff0cTOPS\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u5c07\u8207\u7576\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u55ae\u4f4d\u5171\u540c\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u5176\u4ed6\u5c0f\u5b78\u722d\u53d6\u642d\u5efa\u5b78\u751f\u9910\u5ef3\u7d93\u8cbb\u3002<\/p>\n
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